Golang如何使用websocket

发布时间：2020-12-16 19:18:03 所属栏目：大数据来源：网络整理

导读：下载websocket包 $ go get golang.org/x/net/websocket 如果下载失败,可能是被墙了。 package golang.org/x/net/websocket: unrecognized import path “golang.org/x/net/websocket” (https fetch: Get https://golang.org/x/net/websocket?go-get=1: dial

下载websocket包

$ go get golang.org/x/net/websocket

如果下载失败,可能是被墙了。

package golang.org/x/net/websocket: unrecognized import path “golang.org/x/net/websocket” (https fetch: Get https://golang.org/x/net/websocket?go-get=1: dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time,or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.)

可以尝试

$ go get -u github.com/golang/net/websocket

下载后记得将路径改成golang.org/x/net/websocket

$ cd $GOPATH
$ mkdir -p golang.org/x/net
$ cp github.com/golang/net/websocket/  golang.org/x/net/ -R

实例

服务端代码

server.go

package main

import (  

    "fmt"   

    "golang.org/x/net/websocket" 

    "html/template"              //支持模板html 

    "log"  

    "net/http"  

)

func Echo(ws *websocket.Conn) {  

    var err error  

    for {  

        var reply string  

        //websocket接受信息 

        if err = websocket.Message.Receive(ws,&reply); err != nil {  

            fmt.Println("receive failed:",err)  

            break  

        }

        fmt.Println("reveived from client: " + reply)

        msg := "received:" + reply

        fmt.Println("send to client:" + msg)

        //这里是发送消息

        if err = websocket.Message.Send(ws,msg); err != nil {

            fmt.Println("send failed:",err)

            break

        }

    }

}

func web(w http.ResponseWriter,r *http.Request) {  

    //打印请求的方法 

    fmt.Println("method",r.Method)  

    if r.Method == "GET" { //如果请求方法为get显示login.html,并相应给前端 

        t,_ := template.ParseFiles("websocket.html")  

        t.Execute(w,nil)  

    } else {  

        //否则走打印输出post接受的参数username和password 

        fmt.Println(r.PostFormValue("username"))  

        fmt.Println(r.PostFormValue("password"))  

    }  

}

func main() {

    //接受websocket的路由地址

    http.Handle("/websocket",websocket.Handler(Echo))

    //html页面

    http.HandleFunc("/web",web)

    if err := http.ListenAndServe(":1234",nil); err != nil {

        log.Fatal("ListenAndServe:",err)

    }

}

客户端代码

websocket.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

 <html>

<head>

    <meta charset="utf-8"/>

    <title>go测试socket</title>

</head>

<body>

    <script type="text/javascript"> var sock = null; var wsuri = "ws://127.0.0.1:1234/websocket"; window.onload = function() { console.log("onload"); sock = new WebSocket(wsuri); sock.onopen = function() { console.log("connected to " + wsuri); } sock.onclose = function(e) { console.log("connection closed (" + e.code + ")"); } sock.onmessage = function(e) { console.log("message received: " + e.data); } }; function send() { var msg = document.getElementById('message').value; sock.send(msg); }; </script>

    <h1>WebSocket Echo Test</h1>

    <form>

        <p>

            Message: <input id="message" type="text" value="Hello,world!">

        </p>

    </form>

    <button onclick="send();">Send Message</button>

</body>

</html>

测试

启动服务端

$ ./server

启动浏览器
输入http://127.0.0.1:1234/web

网络通信内容如图所示，首先加载页面，接着使用HTTP建立websocket连接，后续通信直接使用websocket进行。

点击页面中SendMessage按钮

server端输出：

method GET
reveived from client: Hello,world!
send to client:received:Hello,world!

浏览器输出：

参考

https://github.com/astaxie/build-web-application-with-golang/blob/master/zh/08.2.md

https://github.com/ukai/go-websocket-sample/blob/master/websocket_echo_sample.go

（编辑：李大同）

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