使用gdb调试go项目

原始文档：https://golang.org/doc/gdb，本文以docker的libnetwork库为例，说明如何用gdb调试。

首先安装golang和gdb(版本7.0以上)，在FreeBSD上，请用gdb7121。设置GOPATH=$HOME/go。

下载libnetwork：go get github.com/docker/libnetwork

在$GOPATH/github.com/clovertrail/testlibnetwork目录，创建测试程序，此处直接使用libnetwork的示例，稍作修改：

package main
import (
        "fmt"
        "github.com/docker/libnetwork"
        "github.com/docker/libnetwork/options"
        "github.com/docker/libnetwork/netlabel"
        "github.com/docker/libnetwork/config"
)

func main() {
        networkType := "bridge"

        // Create a new controller instance
        driverOptions := options.Generic{}
        genericOption := make(map[string]interface{})
        genericOption[netlabel.GenericData] = driverOptions
        controller,err := libnetwork.New(config.OptionDriverConfig(networkType,genericOption))
        if err != nil {
                fmt.Println(err)
                return
        }

        fmt.Println(controller)
        // Create a network for containers to join.
        // NewNetwork accepts Variadic optional arguments that libnetwork and Drivers can make use of
        network,err := controller.NewNetwork(networkType,"network1","")
        if err != nil {
                fmt.Println(err)
                return
        }
        fmt.Println(network)
        // For each new container: allocate IP and interfaces. The returned network
        // settings will be used for container infos (inspect and such),as well as
        // iptables rules for port publishing. This info is contained or accessible
        // from the returned endpoint.
        ep,err := network.CreateEndpoint("Endpoint1")
        if err != nil {
                fmt.Println(err)
                return
        }
        fmt.Println(ep)
        // Create the sandbox for the container.
        // NewSandbox accepts Variadic optional arguments which libnetwork can use.
        sbx,err := controller.NewSandbox("container1",libnetwork.OptionHostname("test"),libnetwork.OptionDomainname("docker.io"))
        fmt.Println(sbx)
        // A sandbox can join the endpoint via the join api.
        err = ep.Join(sbx)
        if err != nil {
                fmt.Println(err)
                return
        }
}

.
`-- testlibnetwork
|-- bingo.go
`-- vendor
`-- github.com
`-- docker
`-- libnetwork -> $GOPATH/src/github.com/docker/libnetwork

重新编译libnetwork，打印编译的命令细节，并关闭内联优化：

go build -a -x -gcflags "-N -l" github.com/docker/libnetwork

编译测试用例，同时关闭内联优化：

go build -gcflags "-N -l" -o ~/go/bin/bingo bingo.go

好了，启动gdb，开始调试：

gdb ~/go/bin/bingo -d $GOROOT

正常情况，gdb会自动load $GOROOT/src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py，如果没有load，请手动load：

(gdb) source $GOROOT/src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py

开始调试，设置断点。go里面的第三方源代码的路径和import里面是一致的，比如我们想在controller.go:180行设断点：

(gdb) b github.com/docker/libnetwork/controller.go:180
Breakpoint 1 at 0x481397: file /home/honzhan/go/src/github.com/clovertrail/testlibnetwork/vendor/github.com/docker/libnetwork/controller.go,line 180.

(gdb) r
Starting program: /usr/home/honzhan/go/bin/bingo
[New LWP 100134 of process 16801]
[New LWP 100260 of process 16801]
[New LWP 100283 of process 16801]
[New LWP 100294 of process 16801]
[New LWP 100470 of process 16801]


Thread 1 hit Breakpoint 1,github.com/clovertrail/testlibnetwork/vendor/github.com/docker/libnetwork.New (
cfgOptions= []github.com/clovertrail/testlibnetwork/vendor/github.com/docker/libnetwork/config.Option = {...},~r1=...,~r2=...)
at /home/honzhan/go/src/github.com/clovertrail/testlibnetwork/vendor/github.com/docker/libnetwork/controller.go:180
180 c := &controller{

更多调试命令请参考https://golang.org/doc/gdb

（编辑：李大同）

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