perl读取excel的方法

1 perl作为一种使用报表提取语言具有很强的处理文本文件的能力，下面介绍如何用perl打开excel文件

a 把excel另存为 .csv 格式，然后打开，excel原来中每行的内容不变，列用逗号隔开。如下所示

Group,Group title,Session chair,Date,Order,Time,Paper ID,Authors,Paper title，

b?

在 2000 年，Takanori Kawai 和 John McNamara 编写出了 Spreadsheet::WriteExcel 和 Spreadsheet::ParseExcel 模块并将它们张贴在 CPAN 上，这两个模块使得在任何平台上从 Excel 文件抽取数据成为可能。

perl写excel这个模块的内容

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
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use Encode;
use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel;
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# 设置一个对象出来，并写上需要存成什么名字的xls
my $xls = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new( "fukaiss.xls" );
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# xml的内容名字
my $xlsContent = $xls->add_worksheet( 'report' );
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# 这是对格式的设置，我们可以设置一个标题的，一个内容的，
# 我现在只设置一个内容
my $contentStyle?= $xls->add_format();
??? $contentStyle->set_size( 8 );
??? $contentStyle->set_bold();?????????? #设置字体为粗体
??? $contentStyle->set_align( 'center' );#设置单元格居中
??? $contentStyle->set_text_wrap();????? #是否回车换行
??? $contentStyle->set_color('red');???? #设置单元格前景色为红色
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# 写表内容（格式是使用上面添加的表格式）
# 这个中的A,B,C是设置的excel中上面行的字母
# 这个地方中的文字我用了decode这样中文才能正常显示
# 最后面的contentStyle是我上面设置的行风格
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$xlsContent->write( "A1",decode( 'utf8',"名字" ),$contentStyle );
$xlsContent->write( "B1","时间" ),$contentStyle );
$xlsContent->write( "C2","语言" ),$contentStyle );
#$xlsContent->write($row,$col,'Hi Excel!',$format); #行，列，内容，格式
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#这是关闭，上面的内容设置成循环就能生成很多行了
$xls->close();

其它一些有用的设置

# #设置列的宽度
set_column($first_col,$last_col,$width,$format,$hidden,$level,$collapsed)

下面perl是读excel文件内容

我用的Spreadsheet::Read 模块可以读取xls,csv和sxc等格式的文件,这是那本Perl Hacks上非常推荐的读这些的模块.

#!/usr/bin/perl
use Spreadsheet::Read;
use Data::Dumper;
use Smart::Comments;
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my $file = '2808861.xls';
my $spreadsheet = ReadData( $file) or die "Cannot read file ";#指定读的文件名
my $sheet_count = $spreadsheet->[0]{sheets} or die "No sheets in $file/n"; #这个是查有几个sheet
for my $sheet_index (1 .. $sheet_count){
??? my $sheet = $spreadsheet->[$sheet_index] or next;
??? printf("%s - %2d: [%-s] %3d Cols,%5d Rows/n",
???????????????????? $file,$sheet_index,$sheet->{label},$sheet->{maxcol},$sheet->{maxrow});#label是sheet名
??? for my $row (1 .. $sheet->{maxrow}) {
??????? print join "/t" => map {
??????????????????????????????? my $data = $sheet->{cell}[$_][$row] ;
??????????????????????????????? defined $data ? $data : "-";
??????????????? }1 .. $sheet->{maxcol};
??????? print "/n";
??? };
}

# 传一个输出的文件和一个数组和数组就能输入 execl?啦，记的第一行做标题
sub excelWrite(
??? my ( $filename,$file ) = @_;
??? my $xls = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel::Big->new( "$filename" );
??? $xls->compatibility_mode();
??? my $xlsContent= $xls->add_worksheet( "$filename" );
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??? # 标题风格
??? my $titleStyle? = $xls->add_format(?
??????????????????????????????????????? size??? => 10,
??????????????????????????????????????? bold??? => 1,
??????????????????????????????????????? border? => 2,
??????????????????????????????????????? align?? => 'center',
??????????????????????????????????? );
??? # 内容风格
??? my $rowStyle??? = $xls->add_format(?
??????????????????????????????????????? align?? => 'left',
??????????????????????????????????????? border? => 1,
??????????????????????????????????? );
??? # 设置行的宽,先查出全部有数据的一行,来做为宽度的基准
??? my @tmp = ();
??? foreach my $line ( 2 .. $#{$file} ){
??????? foreach my $contentNu ( 0 .. $#{$file->[$line]} ){
?????????? next if $tmp[$contentNu];
?????????? $tmp[$contentNu] = $file->[$line][$contentNu];
??????? }
??? }
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??? foreach ( 0 .. $#tmp ){
??????? $xlsContent->set_column( $_,$_+1,4 + length $tmp[$_]);
??? }
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??? # 列
??? my $row = 0;
??? foreach my $line ( @{$file} ){
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??????? # 对风格的处理,第一行不一样
??????? my $Style = $rowStyle;
??????? if ($row == 0 ){
??????????? $Style = $titleStyle;?
??????? }
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??????? # 行处理
??????? my $col = 0;
??????? foreach my $content ( @{$line} ){
??????????? chomp $content;
??????????? $xlsContent->set_row($row,23);
??????????? $xlsContent->write( $row,decode("gbk",$content),$Style );?????
??????????? $col ++;
??????? }
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??????? $row ++;
??? }
??? $xls->close();
}

*********将现有的excel文件导入到新的excel文件中实例*********
import.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; use Spreadsheet::ParseExcel; use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel; use Data::Dumper; # cobbled together from examples for the Spreadsheet::ParseExcel and # Spreadsheet::WriteExcel modules my $sourcename = shift @ARGV; my $destname = shift @ARGV or die "invocation: $0 <source file> <destination file>"; my $source_excel = new Spreadsheet::ParseExcel; my $source_book = $source_excel->Parse($sourcename) ?or die "Could not open source Excel file $sourcename: $!"; my $storage_book; foreach my $source_sheet_number (0 .. $source_book->{SheetCount}-1) { ?my $source_sheet = $source_book->{Worksheet}[$source_sheet_number]; ?print "--------- SHEET:",$source_sheet->{Name},"/n"; ?# sanity checking on the source file: rows and columns should be sensible ?next unless defined $source_sheet->{MaxRow}; ?next unless $source_sheet->{MinRow} <= $source_sheet->{MaxRow}; ?next unless defined $source_sheet->{MaxCol}; ?next unless $source_sheet->{MinCol} <= $source_sheet->{MaxCol}; ?foreach my $row_index ($source_sheet->{MinRow} .. $source_sheet->{MaxRow}) ?{ ? foreach my $col_index ($source_sheet->{MinCol} .. $source_sheet->{MaxCol}) ? { ?? my $source_cell = $source_sheet->{Cells}[$row_index][$col_index]; ?? if ($source_cell) ?? { ??? print "( $row_index,$col_index ) =>",$source_cell->Value,"/n"; ??? if ($source_cell->{Type} eq 'Numeric') ??? { ? $storage_book->{$source_sheet->{Name}}->{$row_index}->{$col_index} = $source_cell->Value*2; ??? } ??? else ??? { ? $storage_book->{$source_sheet->{Name}}->{$row_index}->{$col_index} = $source_cell->Value; ??? } # end of if/else ?? } # end of source_cell check ? } # foreach col_index ?} # foreach row_index } # foreach source_sheet_number print "Perl recognized the following data (sheet/row/column order):/n"; print Dumper $storage_book; my $dest_book? = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new("$destname") ?or die "Could not create a new Excel file in $destname: $!"; print "/n/nSaving recognized data in $destname..."; foreach my $sheet (keys %$storage_book) { ?my $dest_sheet = $dest_book->addworksheet($sheet); ?foreach my $row (keys %{$storage_book->{$sheet}}) ?{ ? foreach my $col (keys %{$storage_book->{$sheet}->{$row}}) ? { ?? $dest_sheet->write($row,$storage_book->{$sheet}->{$row}->{$col}); ? } # foreach column ?} # foreach row } # foreach sheet $dest_book->close(); print "done!/n";