大数模板(读入字符串，c++重载)

发布时间：2020-12-14 02:25:35 所属栏目：大数据来源：网络整理

导读：#includeiostream? ?? #includestring? ?? #includeiomanip? ?? #includealgorithm? ?? using ? namespace ?std;??? ?? #define?MAXN?9999 ?? #define?MAXSIZE?10 ?? #define?DLEN?4 ?? class ?BigNum?? {??? private :??? ???? int ?a[500];???? //可以控制

#include<iostream>???
#include<string>???
#include<iomanip>???
#include<algorithm>???
using?namespace?std;???
??
#define?MAXN?9999??
#define?MAXSIZE?10??
#define?DLEN?4??
class?BigNum??
{???
private:???
????int?a[500];????//可以控制大数的位数???
????int?len;???????//大数长度??
public:???
????BigNum(){?len?=?1;memset(a,sizeof(a));?}???//构造函数??
????BigNum(const?int);???????//将一个int类型的变量转化为大数??
????BigNum(char*);?????//将一个字符串类型的变量转化为大数??
const?BigNum?&);??//拷贝构造函数??
????BigNum?&operator=(const?BigNum?&);???//重载赋值运算符，大数之间进行赋值运算??
????friend?istream&?operator>>(istream&,??BigNum&);???//重载输入运算符??
????friend?ostream&?operator<<(ostream&,0); background-color:inherit">//重载输出运算符??
??
????BigNum?operator+(const?BigNum?&)?const;???//重载加法运算符，两个大数之间的相加运算???
????BigNum?operator-(//重载减法运算符，两个大数之间的相减运算???
????BigNum?operator*(//重载乘法运算符，两个大数之间的相乘运算???
????BigNum?operator/(int???&)?const;????//重载除法运算符，大数对一个整数进行相除运算??
????BigNum?operator^(int??&)?//大数的n次方运算??
int????operator%(//大数对一个int类型的变量进行取模运算??????
bool???operator>(const?BigNum?&?T)//大数和另一个大数的大小比较??
int?&?t)const;??????//大数和一个int类型的变量的大小比较??
void?print();???????//输出大数??
};???
BigNum::BigNum(int?b)????? {???
int?c,d?=?b;??
????len?=?0;??
????memset(a,153); font-weight:bold; background-color:inherit">sizeof(a));??
while(d?>?MAXN)??
????{??
????????c?=?d?-?(d?/?(MAXN?+?1))?*?(MAXN?+?1);???
????????d?=?d?/?(MAXN?+?1);??
????????a[len++]?=?c;??
????}??
????a[len++]?=?d;??
}??
BigNum::BigNum(char*s)????? {??
int?t,k,index,l,i;??
????l=strlen(s);?????
????len=l/DLEN;??
if(l%DLEN)??
????????len++;??
????index=0;??
for(i=l-1;i>=0;i-=DLEN)??
????{??
????????t=0;??
????????k=i-DLEN+1;??
????????if(k<0)??
????????????k=0;??
for(int?j=k;j<=i;j++)??
????????????t=t*10+s[j]-'0';??
????????a[index++]=t;??
????}??
const?BigNum?&?T)?:?len(T.len)??//拷贝构造函数??
int?i;???
sizeof(a));???
for(i?=?0?;?i?<?len?;?i++)??
????????a[i]?=?T.a[i];???
}???
BigNum?&?BigNum::operator=(const?BigNum?&?n)???//重载赋值运算符，大数之间进行赋值运算??
{??
int?i;??
????len?=?n.len;??
for(i?=?0?;?i?<?len?;?i++)???
????????a[i]?=?n.a[i];???
return?*this;???
istream&?operator>>(istream?&?in,??BigNum?&?b)???char?ch[MAXSIZE*4];??
int?i?=?-1;??
????in>>ch;??
int?l=strlen(ch);??
int?count=0,sum=0;??
for(i=l-1;i>=0;)??
????????sum?=?0;??
????????int?t=1;??
int?j=0;j<4&&i>=0;j++,i--,t*=10)??
????????{??
????????????sum+=(ch[i]-'0')*t;??
????????}??
????????b.a[count]=sum;??
????????count++;??
????b.len?=count++;??
return?in;??
ostream&?operator<<(ostream&?out,??BigNum&?b)???//重载输出运算符??
int?i;????
????cout?<<?b.a[b.len?-?1];???
for(i?=?b.len?-?2?;?i?>=?0?;?i--)??
????{???
????????cout.width(DLEN);???
????????cout.fill('0');???
????????cout?<<?b.a[i];???
????}???
return?out;??
BigNum?BigNum::operator+(const?BigNum?&?T)?const???//两个大数之间的相加运算??
????BigNum?t(*this);??
int?i,big;??????//位数?????
????big?=?T.len?>?len???T.len?:?len;???
for(i?=?0?;?i?<?big?;?i++)???
????????t.a[i]?+=T.a[i];???
if(t.a[i]?>?MAXN)???
????????{???
????????????t.a[i?+?1]++;???
????????????t.a[i]?-=MAXN+1;???
????????}???
????}???
if(t.a[big]?!=?0)??
????????t.len?=?big?+?1;???
else??
????????t.len?=?big;?????
return?t;??
}??
BigNum?BigNum::operator-(//两个大数之间的相减运算???
{????
bool?flag;??
????BigNum?t1,t2;??
if(*this>T)??
????????t1=*this;??
????????t2=T;??
????????flag=0;??
else??
????????t1=T;??
????????t2=*this;??
????????flag=1;??
????big=t1.len;??
for(i?=?0?;?i?<?big?;?i++)??
if(t1.a[i]?<?t2.a[i])??
????????????j?=?i?+?1;???
????????????while(t1.a[j]?==?0)??
????????????????j++;???
????????????t1.a[j--]--;???
????????????while(j?>?i)??
????????????????t1.a[j--]?+=?MAXN;??
????????????t1.a[i]?+=?MAXN?+?1?-?t2.a[i];???
????????}???
????????????t1.a[i]?-=?t2.a[i];??
????t1.len?=?big;??
while(t1.a[t1.len?-?1]?==?0?&&?t1.len?>?1)??
????????t1.len--;???
????????big--;??
if(flag)??
????????t1.a[big-1]=0-t1.a[big-1];??
return?t1;???
}???
BigNum?BigNum::operator*(//两个大数之间的相乘运算???
????BigNum?ret;???
int?temp,temp1;?????
????????up?=?0;???
for(j?=?0?;?j?<?T.len?;?j++)??
????????????temp?=?a[i]?*?T.a[j]?+?ret.a[i?+?j]?+?up;???
if(temp?>?MAXN)??
????????????{???
????????????????temp1?=?temp?-?temp?/?(MAXN?+?1)?*?(MAXN?+?1);???
????????????????up?=?temp?/?(MAXN?+?1);???
????????????????ret.a[i?+?j]?=?temp1;???
????????????}???
????????????????up?=?0;???
????????????????ret.a[i?+?j]?=?temp;???
????????????}???
????????if(up?!=?0)???
????????????ret.a[i?+?j]?=?up;???
????ret.len?=?i?+?j;???
while(ret.a[ret.len?-?1]?==?0?&&?ret.len?>?1)??
????????ret.len--;???
return?ret;???
BigNum?BigNum::operator/(int?&?b)?//大数对一个整数进行相除运算??
????BigNum?ret;???
for(i?=?len?-?1?;?i?>=?0?;?i--)??
????????ret.a[i]?=?(a[i]?+?down?*?(MAXN?+?1))?/?b;???
????????down?=?a[i]?+?down?*?(MAXN?+?1)?-?ret.a[i]?*?b;???
????ret.len?=?len;???
int?BigNum::operator?%(const????//大数对一个int类型的变量进行取模运算??????
for?(i?=?len-1;?i>=0;?i--)??
????????d?=?((d?*?(MAXN+1))%?b?+?a[i])%?b;????
return?d;??
BigNum?BigNum::operator^(int?&?n)?//大数的n次方运算??
????BigNum?t,ret(1);??
int?i;??
if(n<0)??
????????exit(-1);??
if(n==0)??
return?1;??
if(n==1)??
int?m=n;??
while(m>1)??
????????t=*for(?i=1;i<<1<=m;i<<=1)??
????????????t=t*t;??
????????m-=i;??
????????ret=ret*t;??
if(m==1)??
????????????ret=ret*(*this);??
return?ret;??
bool?BigNum::operator>(int?ln;???
if(len?>?T.len)??
return?true;???
else?if(len?==?T.len)??
????{???
????????ln?=?len?-?1;???
while(a[ln]?==?T.a[ln]?&&?ln?>=?0)??
????????????ln--;???
if(ln?>=?0?&&?a[ln]?>?T.a[ln])??
true;???
false;???
false;???
bool?BigNum::operator?>(int?&?t)?//大数和一个int类型的变量的大小比较??
????BigNum?b(t);??
this>b;??
void?BigNum::print()????//输出大数??
int?i;?????
????cout?<<?a[len?-?1];???
for(i?=?len?-?2?;?i?>=?0?;?i--)??
????????cout?<<?a[i];???
????cout?<<?endl;??
int?main(void)??
????BigNum?x[101];??????//定义大数的对象数组??
????x[0]=1;??
for(i=1;i<101;i++)??
????????x[i]=x[i-1]*(4*i-2)/(i+1);??
while(scanf("%d",&n)==1?&&?n!=-1)??
????????x[n].print();??
} ?

（编辑：李大同）

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