VB.NET根据XSD文件验证XML文件并通过xml进行解析

是的,你走在正确的轨道上.验证XML文档可以使用XmlDocument或XmlReader完成(我稍后将介绍,您也可以使用XDocument).您选择哪一个取决于您的情况,但它们的工作方式类似.当他们发现文档出错时,他们会调用ValidationEventHandler委托. XmlReader通过XmlReaderSettings对象中的事件调用它,而XmlDocument通过作为参数传递给其Validate方法的委托来调用它.这是一个简单的类,可用于收集错误：

Public Class XmlValidationErrorBuilder
    Private _errors As New List(Of ValidationEventArgs)()

    Public Sub ValidationEventHandler(ByVal sender As Object,ByVal args As ValidationEventArgs)
        If args.Severity = XmlSeverityType.Error Then
            _errors.Add(args)
        End If
    End Sub

    Public Function GetErrors() As String
        If _errors.Count <> 0 Then
            Dim builder As New StringBuilder()
            builder.Append("The following ")
            builder.Append(_errors.Count.ToString())
            builder.AppendLine(" error(s) were found while validating the XML document against the XSD:")
            For Each i As ValidationEventArgs In _errors
                builder.Append("* ")
                builder.AppendLine(i.Message)
            Next
            Return builder.ToString()
        Else
            Return Nothing
        End If
    End Sub
End Class

该类中的ValidationEventHandler方法与ValidationEventHandler委托的签名匹配,因此您可以使用它从XmlReader或XmlDocument收集错误.以下是如何将它与XmlDocument一起使用：

Public Function LoadValidatedXmlDocument(xmlFilePath As String,xsdFilePath As String) As XmlDocument
    Dim doc As New XmlDocument()
    doc.Load(xmlFilePath)
    doc.Schemas.Add(Nothing,xsdFilePath)
    Dim errorBuilder As New XmlValidationErrorBuilder()
    doc.Validate(New ValidationEventHandler(AddressOf errorBuilder.ValidationEventHandler))
    Dim errorsText As String = errorBuilder.GetErrors()
    If errorsText IsNot Nothing Then
        Throw New Exception(errorsText)
    End If
    Return doc
End Function

以下是如何将它与XmlReader一起使用：

Public Sub LoadXml(xmlFilePath As String,xsdFilePath As String) 
    Dim settings As New XmlReaderSettings()
    settings.Schemas.Add(Nothing,xsdFilePath)
    settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema
    Dim errorBuilder As New XmlValidationErrorBuilder()
    AddHandler settings.ValidationEventHandler,New ValidationEventHandler(AddressOf errorBuilder.ValidationEventHandler)
    Dim reader As XmlReader = XmlReader.Create(xmlFilePath,settings)
    ' Read the document...
    Dim errorsText As String = errorBuilder.GetErrors()
    If errorsText IsNot Nothing Then
        ' Handle the errors
    End If
End Function

或者,您也可以使用较新的XDocument类.使用XDocument执行此操作的方法与XmlDocument非常相似. XDocument有一个Validate扩展方法,它再次获取ValidationEventHandler委托.这是一个例子：

Public Function LoadValidatedXDocument(xmlFilePath As String,xsdFilePath As String) As XDocument
    Dim doc As XDocument = XDocument.Load(xmlFilePath)
    Dim schemas As New XmlSchemaSet()
    schemas.Add(Nothing,xsdFilePath)
    Dim errorBuilder As New XmlValidationErrorBuilder()
    doc.Validate(schemas,New ValidationEventHandler(AddressOf errorBuilder.ValidationEventHandler))
    Dim errorsText As String = errorBuilder.GetErrors()
    If errorsText IsNot Nothing Then
        Throw New Exception(errorsText)
    End If
    Return doc
End Function

至于将XML文档中的数据加载到数据库中,如果不知道XML文档的模式,数据库的模式,数据库的类型等,就不可能说出这样做的确切方法.我建议你这样做一些研究既可以读取XML数据,也可以将数据写入数据库,看看你能得到多少.如果您在遇到麻烦时有任何具体问题,我们将随时为您提供帮助:)