ruby-on-rails – has_many：通过has_and_belongs_to_many关联

发布时间：2020-12-16 23:31:42 所属栏目：百科来源：网络整理

导读：我试图在 Ruby on Rails项目中执行以下操作： class FoodItem ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :food_categories has_many :places,:through = :food_categoriesendclass FoodCategory ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :food_items

我试图在 Ruby on Rails项目中执行以下操作：

class FoodItem < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_and_belongs_to_many :food_categories
  has_many :places,:through => :food_categories
end

class FoodCategory < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_and_belongs_to_many :food_items
  belongs_to :place
end

class Place < ActiveRecord::Base  
  has_many :food_categories
  has_many :food_items,:through => :food_category
end

但调用实例方法some_food_item.places会给我以下错误：

ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PGError: ERROR:  column 
food_categories.food_item_id does not exist
LINE 1: ...laces".id = "food_categories".place_id    WHERE (("food_cate...

: SELECT "places".* FROM "places"  INNER JOIN "food_categories" ON "places".id = "food_categories".place_id    WHERE (("food_categories".food_item_id = 1))

这很有道理 – 因为FoodItem和FoodCategory上的HABTM我有一个名为food_categories_food_items的映射表.

我需要做些什么才能让some_food_item.places通过映射表正确查找位置,而不是在food_categories表中查找food_item_id？

解决方法

我的第一个答案版本不正确,但这个版本完美无缺.我第一次做了一些拼写错误(实际上没有创建应用程序进行测试的危险),但这次我验证了.并且需要一个插件,但这很容易.首先,安装插件：

script/plugin install git://github.com/ianwhite/nested_has_many_through.git

这将安装Ian White的解决方法,并且无缝地工作.现在模型,直接从我设置的测试应用程序复制,以使其工作：

class FoodItem < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :food_category_items
  has_many :food_categories,:through => :food_category_items
  has_many :places,:through => :food_categories
end

class FoodCategory < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :food_category_items
  has_many :food_items,:through => :food_category_items
  belongs_to :place
end

class FoodCategoryItem < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :food_item
  belongs_to :food_category
end

class Place < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :food_categories
  has_many :food_category_items,:through => :food_categories
  has_many :food_items,:through => :food_category_items
end

现在“远”协会的工作也一样. place_instance.food_items和food_item.places都可以完美地工作,以及更简单的协会.仅供参考,这是我的架构,以显示所有外键的位置：

create_table "food_categories",:force => true do |t|
  t.string   "name"
  t.integer  "place_id"
  t.datetime "created_at"
  t.datetime "updated_at"
end

create_table "food_category_items",:force => true do |t|
  t.string   "name"
  t.integer  "food_item_id"
  t.integer  "food_category_id"
  t.datetime "created_at"
  t.datetime "updated_at"
end

create_table "food_items",:force => true do |t|
  t.string   "name"
  t.datetime "created_at"
  t.datetime "updated_at"
end

create_table "places",:force => true do |t|
  t.string   "name"
  t.datetime "created_at"
  t.datetime "updated_at"
end

希望这可以帮助！

更新：这个问题最近出现了几次.我写了一篇文章,nesting your has_many :through relationships,详细解释.它甚至在GitHub上有一个附带的示例应用程序来下载和玩.

（编辑：李大同）

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