c – 如何统一处理所有错误,包括内部C库错误
我希望优雅地处理所有内部错误,而无需程序终止.
如here所述,使用_set_se_translator捕获被零除错误. 但是它没有捕获,例如,C运行时库错误-1073740777(0xc0000417),这可能是由printf的格式字符串引起的,它们的百分号不应该出现. (这只是一个例子;当然我们应该检查这样的字符串).要处理这些,需要_set_invalid_parameter_handler. here还列出了大约十个其他此类处理程序. 另外,这个将捕获未捕获的C异常:SetUnhandledExceptionFilter.因此,它可以与__set__ …函数一起使用. (MSVC 2008中关于using it的文章.) 我想捕获任何和所有错误,以便我可以处理它们(通过记录,抛出现代C标准异常并返回特定于应用程序的错误代码).是否有一个捕获一切的处理程序? 另见StackOverflow. 我正在使用Visual Studio 2008. 解决方法
没有通用处理程序.你需要安装每一个.我用过这样的东西:
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// template<class K,class V> class MapInitializer { std::map<K,V> m; public: operator std::map<K,V>() const { return m; } MapInitializer& Add( const K& k,const V& v ) { m[ k ] = v; return *this; } }; /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// struct StructuredException : std::exception { const char *const msg; StructuredException( const char* const msg_ ) : msg( msg_ ) {} virtual const char* what() const { return msg; } }; /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// class ExceptionHandlerInstaller { public: ExceptionHandlerInstaller() : m_oldTerminateHandler( std::set_terminate( TerminateHandler ) ),m_oldUnexpectedHandler( std::set_unexpected( UnexpectedHandler ) ),m_oldSEHandler( _set_se_translator( SEHandler ) ) {} ~ExceptionHandlerInstaller() { std::set_terminate( m_oldTerminateHandler ); std::set_unexpected( m_oldUnexpectedHandler ); _set_se_translator( m_oldSEHandler ); } private: static void TerminateHandler() { TRACE( "nn**** terminate handler called! ****nn" ); } static void UnexpectedHandler() { TRACE( "nn**** unexpected exception handler called! ****nn" ); } static void SEHandler( const unsigned code,EXCEPTION_POINTERS* ) { SEMsgMap::const_iterator it = m_seMsgMap.find( code ); throw StructuredException( it != m_seMsgMap.end() ? it->second : "Structured exception translated to C++ exception." ); } const std::terminate_handler m_oldTerminateHandler; const std::unexpected_handler m_oldUnexpectedHandler; const _se_translator_function m_oldSEHandler; typedef std::map<unsigned,const char*> SEMsgMap; static const SEMsgMap m_seMsgMap; }; /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Message map for structured exceptions copied from the MS help file /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// const ExceptionHandlerInstaller::SEMsgMap ExceptionHandlerInstaller::m_seMsgMap = MapInitializer<ExceptionHandlerInstaller::SEMsgMap::key_type,ExceptionHandlerInstaller::SEMsgMap::mapped_type>() .Add( EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION,"The thread attempts to read from or write to a virtual address for which it does not have access. This value is defined as STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED,"The thread attempts to access an array element that is out of bounds,and the underlying hardware supports bounds checking. This value is defined as STATUS_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT,"A breakpoint is encountered. This value is defined as STATUS_BREAKPOINT." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT,"The thread attempts to read or write data that is misaligned on hardware that does not provide alignment. For example,16-bit values must be aligned on 2-byte boundaries,32-bit values on 4-byte boundaries,and so on. This value is defined as STATUS_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND,"One of the operands in a floating point operation is denormal. A denormal value is one that is too small to represent as a standard floating point value. This value is defined as STATUS_FLOAT_DENORMAL_OPERAND." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO,"The thread attempts to divide a floating point value by a floating point divisor of 0 (zero). This value is defined as STATUS_FLOAT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT,"The result of a floating point operation cannot be represented exactly as a decimal fraction. This value is defined as STATUS_FLOAT_INEXACT_RESULT." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION,"A floatin point exception that is not included in this list. This value is defined as STATUS_FLOAT_INVALID_OPERATION." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW,"The exponent of a floating point operation is greater than the magnitude allowed by the corresponding type. This value is defined as STATUS_FLOAT_OVERFLOW." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK,"The stack has overflowed or underflowed,because of a floating point operation. This value is defined as STATUS_FLOAT_STACK_CHECK." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW,"The exponent of a floating point operation is less than the magnitude allowed by the corresponding type. This value is defined as STATUS_FLOAT_UNDERFLOW." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_GUARD_PAGE,"The thread accessed memory allocated with the PAGE_GUARD modifier. This value is defined as STATUS_GUARD_PAGE_VIOLATION." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION,"The thread tries to execute an invalid instruction. This value is defined as STATUS_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR,"The thread tries to access a page that is not present,and the system is unable to load the page. For example,this exception might occur if a network connection is lost while running a program over a network. This value is defined as STATUS_IN_PAGE_ERROR." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO,"The thread attempts to divide an integer value by an integer divisor of 0 (zero). This value is defined as STATUS_INTEGER_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW,"The result of an integer operation causes a carry out of the most significant bit of the result. This value is defined as STATUS_INTEGER_OVERFLOW." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION,"An exception handler returns an invalid disposition to the exception dispatcher. Programmers using a high-level language such as C should never encounter this exception. This value is defined as STATUS_INVALID_DISPOSITION." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_INVALID_HANDLE,"The thread used a handle to a kernel object that was invalid (probably because it had been closed.) This value is defined as STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION,"The thread attempts to continue execution after a non-continuable exception occurs. This value is defined as STATUS_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION,"The thread attempts to execute an instruction with an operation that is not allowed in the current computer mode. This value is defined as STATUS_PRIVILEGED_INSTRUCTION." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP,"A trace trap or other single instruction mechanism signals that one instruction is executed. This value is defined as STATUS_SINGLE_STEP." ) .Add( EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW,"The thread uses up its stack. This value is defined as STATUS_STACK_OVERFLOW." ); 然后在main或app init中,我这样做: BOOL CMyApp::InitInstance() { ExceptionHandlerInstaller ehi; // ... } 请注意,这会将结构化异常转换为常规异常,但会通过简单地打印错误消息来处理终止(例如,当nothrow()函数抛出异常时会调用它).您不太可能希望对所有不同类型的错误使用单个处理程序,这就是他们不提供错误的原因. (编辑:李大同) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |