C模板过度使用

总的来说,我怀疑模板实际上是设计这些对象的最佳方式(尤其是第一种情况).

哪种方法更好,为什么？或者是否有一种完全不同的方法更好？

1)模板作为函数传递指针的替代：

//fusion_manager.h
template <typename InputFilterAlgorithm,typename PredictionAlgorithm,typename AssociationAlgorithm,typename FusionAlgorithm>
class FusionManager
{
public:
    FusionManager(Environment& env);
    ...
private:
    Environment& env_m;
    InputFilterAlgorithm filter_alg_m;
    PredictionAlgorithm prediction_alg_m;
    AssociationAlgorithm association_alg_m;
    FusionAlgorithm fusion_alg_m;
    ...
};

//fusion_manager.cpp
template <typename InputFilterAlgorithm,typename FusionAlgorithm>
FusionManager<InputFilterAlgorithm,PredictionAlgorithm,AssociationAlgorithm,FusionAlgorithm,TrackExtendedDataType>::FusionManager(Environment& env)
        : 
          env_m(env),filter_alg_m(env),prediction_alg_m(env),association_alg_m(env),fusion_alg_m(env)
{
    ...
}

//main.cpp
...
FusionManager<TestInputFilterAlgorithm,TestPredictionAlgorithm,TestAssociationAlgorithm,TestFusionAlgorithm> fusionManager(env);
...

……而不是使用这样的东西：

//fusion_manager.h
class FusionManager
{
public:
??//Let's say each algorithm is encapsulated by a class
??FusionManager(Environment& env,??????????InputFilterAlgorithm&&,?????????? ??????PredictionAlgorithm&&,?????????? ??????AssociationAlgorithm&&,?????????? ??????FusionAlgorithm&&);
private:
??Environment& env_m;
????InputFilterAlgorithm filter_alg_m;
????PredictionAlgorithm prediction_alg_m;
????AssociationAlgorithm association_alg_m;
????FusionAlgorithm fusion_alg_m;
};

//fusion_manager.cpp
FusionManager::FusionManager(Environment& env,???????????????????? InputFilterAlgorithm&& filter_alg,???????????????????? PredictionAlgorithm&& prediction_alg,???????????????????? AssociationAlgorithm&& association_alg,???????????????????? FusionAlgorithm&& fusion_alg)
??????????:
??????????????env_m(env),??????????????filter_alg_m(std::move(filter_alg)),??????????????prediction_alg_m(std::move(prediction_alg)),??????????????association_alg_m(std::move(association_alg)),??????????????fusion_alg_m(std::move(fusion_alg))
{
??...
}

//main.cpp
...
FusionManager<TestInputFilterAlgorithm,????????????TestPredictionAlgorithm,????????????TestAssociationAlgorithm,????????????TestFusionAlgorithm> fusionManager(env);
...

2)使用模板替代继承和虚拟方法：

//factorization.h
template<typename ProbabilityDistributionType>
class Factorization
{
...
public:
    ProbabilityDistributionType factorize();
private:
    std::Vector<ProbabilityDistributionType> factors_m;
...
};

//factorization.cpp
template<>
CPD Factorization<CPD>::factorize()
{
    for (auto & factor : factors_m)
    {
        factor.factorize();//This will call the factorize method of CPD
    }
}

template<>
JointProbDistr Factorization<JointProbDistr>::factorize()
{
    for (auto & factor : factors_m)
    {
        factor.factorize();//This will call the factorize method of JointProbDistr
    }
}

而不是使用这样的东西：

//factorization.h
template<typename ProbabilityDistributionType>
class Factorization
{
...
public:
    virtual ProbabilityDistributionType factorize() = 0;
private:
    std::Vector<ProbabilityDistributionType> factors_m;
...
};


//cpd_factorization.h
class CPDFactorization : public Factorization<CPD>
{
...
public:
    CPD factorize();//Implementing the parent's pure virtual method. This will call the factorize method of CPD
};

//jointprobdistr_factorization.h
class CPDFactorization : public Factorization<JointProbDistr>
{
...
public:
    JointProbDistr factorize();//Implementing the parent's pure virtual method. This will call the factorize method of JointProbDistr
};