自引用结构
自引用结构的定义如下:
struct node{ int data1; int data2; struct node *ptr; }obj,*temp; int main() { printf("n Address of variable data1 in struct is %p",&obj.data1); printf("n Address of variable data2 in struct is %p",&obj.data2); } o / p是
这意味着data1占用了8个字节的内存,对吧? 但是如果我有以下结构定义 struct node{ int data1; int data2; }obj,&obj.data2); } o / p是
所以data1占用4个字节的内存,这是一个整数变量,对吧? 但为什么在第一种情况下data1占用的内存空间增加了? 编辑: Address of variable data1 in struct is 0x600940 Address of variable data2 in struct is 0x600944 The address of ptr is 0x600948 The size of struct is 16 对于第二种情况 Address of variable data1 in struct is 0x600910 Address of variable data2 in struct is 0x600914 The size of struct is 8 我在Linux上运行此代码 上面的代码工作正常,但下面的代码呢 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> struct node { int data; struct node *next; }; // This function prints contents of linked list starting from the given node void printList(struct node *n) { printf("n The memory location of n is %p ",n); while (n != NULL) { printf(" %d ",n->data); n = n->next; printf("n The memory location of n in while loop is %p ",n); } } int main() { struct node* head = NULL; struct node* second = NULL; struct node* third = NULL; // allocate 3 nodes in the heap head = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); second = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); third = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); head->data = 1; //assign data in first node head->next = second; // Link first node with the second node printf("n The memory address of head->data is %p ",&head->data); printf("n The memory address of head->next is %p ",&head->next); second->data = 2; //assign data to second node second->next = third; printf("n The memory address of second->data is %p ",&second->data); printf("n The memory address of second->next is %p ",&second->next); third->data = 3; //assign data to third node third->next = NULL; printf("n The memory address of third->data is %p ",&third->data); printf("n The memory address of third->next is %p ",&third->next); printList(head); getchar(); printf("n"); return 0; } O / P是 The memory address of head->data is 0x215c010 The memory address of head->next is 0x215c018 The memory address of second->data is 0x215c030 The memory address of second->next is 0x215c038 The memory address of third->data is 0x215c050 The memory address of third->next is 0x215c058 The memory location of n is 0x215c010 1 The memory location of n in while loop is 0x215c030 2 The memory location of n in while loop is 0x215c050 3 The memory location of n in while loop is (nil) 为什么现在还有8个字节的差异? 解决方法
Struct padding是您观察到的差异的原因.
我认为你是在64位系统上,指针大小是8字节(在带有指针的结构中).因此编译器将所有三个成员对齐为8字节对齐.但在后一种情况下,它只有两个int,所以它与4个字节对齐. (编辑:李大同) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |