关于我从未在C代码中看到的特殊运算符的一些问题

public
ref class Hello
{
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Description:
//
//    Class Variables.
//
// Remarks:
//
//    A normal compiler would have more flexible means for holding
//    on to all this information,but in our case it's simplest (if
//    somewhat inelegant) if we just keep references to all the
//    structures we'll need to access as classstatic variables.
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------

static Phx::ModuleUnit                 ^ module;
static Phx::Targets::Runtimes::Runtime ^ runtime;
static Phx::Targets::Architectures::Architecture       ^ architecture;
static Phx::Lifetime                   ^ lifetime;
static Phx::Types::Table               ^ typeTable;
static Phx::Symbols::Table                ^ symbolTable;
static Phx::Phases::PhaseConfiguration        ^ phaseConfiguration;

2个问题：ref关键字是什么？
那个标志是什么^？这是做什么的

保护：

virtual void
  Execute
  (
     Phx::Unit ^ unit
  ) override;

};

override也是一个C关键字？它在我的Visual Studio中就这样着色了.
我真的很想玩这个框架,但是这个先进的C现在确实是一个障碍.谢谢.