使用@Configuration_@Bean_@Import简化xml配置

首先建一个Maven项目，导入项目所需要的spring依赖如下：

<dependencies>
	<!--springcontext-->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
		<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>

	<!--springcore-->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
		<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>

	<!--springbean-->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
		<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>

	<!--springaop-->

	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
		<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>

	<!--springjdbc-->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
		<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>

	<!--springtx-->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
		<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>

	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.batch</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-batch-core</artifactId>
		<version>3.0.2.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>

	<dependency>
		<groupId>junit</groupId>
		<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
		<version>4.10</version>
		<scope>test</scope>
	</dependency>

	<dependency>
		<groupId>cglib</groupId>
		<artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
		<version>3.1</version>
	</dependency>
</dependencies>

新建UserService，RoleService两个类，如下：

packagecom.lyx;

publicclassUserService{
	publicvoidaddUser(){
		System.out.println("adduser");
	}
}

packagecom.lyx;

publicclassRoleService{
	publicvoidaddRole(){
		System.out.println("addrole");
	}
}

使用@Configuration注解

如下：

packagecom.lyx;

importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
publicclassServiceConfig{

	@Bean(name="roleService")
	publicRoleServicegetRoleService(){
		returnnewRoleService();
	}

	@Bean(name="userService")
	publicUserServicegetUserService(){
		returnnewUserService();
	}
}

使用@Import注解

如下：

packagecom.lyx;

importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

@Configuration
@Import(ServiceConfig.class)
publicclassAppConfig2{
	
}

运行该项目

App.java如下，使用AnnotationConfigApplicationContext类加载项目

packagecom.lyx;

importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

publicclassApp{

	publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargss[]){
		@SuppressWarnings("resource")
		ApplicationContextcontext=newAnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
				AppConfig2.class);
		RoleServiceroleService=(RoleService)context.getBean("roleService");
		roleService.addRole();

		UserServiceuserService=(UserService)context.getBean("userService");
		userService.addUser();
	}

}

运行结果：

add role

add user

使用XML的方式配置上面的例子

spring-service.xml配置service，如下：

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/cachehttp://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

	<beanid="roleService"class="com.lyx.RoleService"></bean>
	<beanid="userService"class="com.lyx.UserService"></bean>
</beans>

applicationContext.xml配置app，如下：

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/cachehttp://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

	<importresource="spring-service.xml"/>
</beans>

App2.java如下

packagecom.lyx;

importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

publicclassApp2{
	publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[]){
		@SuppressWarnings("resource")
		ApplicationContextcontext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				"applicationContext.xml");
		RoleServiceroleService=(RoleService)context.getBean("roleService");
		roleService.addRole();
		UserServiceuserService=(UserService)context.getBean("userService");
		userService.addUser();

	}
}

====END====

（编辑：李大同）

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