socket多人聊天程序C语言版(一)
首先,不要一步登天直接解决多人聊天这个问题,先把问题化简。 6.server如何管理两个client的连接状态,连接成功很简单,就是accpet成功后就是连接成功了。但是怎么判断连接断开呢?这个涉及到的select函数的使用,有点复杂~,所以我就简单的用了一个send函数发送一个空消息来判断是否断开连接,这个不严谨,容易出BUG,但是实践起来简单就使用了它。 技术要点:C语言线程函数的使用。 _beginthreadex函数原型 _ACRTIMP uintptr_t __cdecl _beginthreadex ( _In_opt_ void* _Security,//安全属性,NULL为默认安全属性 _In_ unsigned _StackSize,//线程堆栈的大小。如果为0,则线程堆栈大小和创建它的线程的相同。一般用0 _In_ _beginthreadex_proc_type _StartAddress,//线程函数的地址 _In_opt_ void* _ArgList,//传进线程的函数 _In_ unsigned _InitFlag,//线程初始状态,0:立即运行;CREATE_SUSPEND:悬挂(如果出事状态定义为悬挂,就要调用ResumeThread(HANDLE) 来激活线程的运行) _Out_opt_ unsigned* _ThrdAddr //用于记录线程ID的地址 ) 例子: #include <process.h> #include <stdio.h> unsigned __stdcall Thread(void* param) { printf("%dn",*(int*)param); //这里必须先要强行转换为int*,不然void* 直接解引用会出错。 return 0; } int main() { int i = 0; _beginthreadex(NULL,Thread,&i,NULL); return 0; } 1V1,C-S-C聊天例子: 效果图: server code: #include <WinSock2.h> #include <process.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") #define SEND_OVER 1 //已经转发消息 #define SEND_YET 0 //还没转发消息 int g_iStatus = SEND_YET; SOCKET g_ServerSocket = INVALID_SOCKET; //服务端套接字 SOCKADDR_IN g_ClientAddr = { 0 }; //客户端地址 int g_iClientAddrLen = sizeof(g_ClientAddr); bool g_bCheckConnect = false; //检查连接情况 HANDLE g_hRecv1 = NULL; HANDLE g_hRecv2 = NULL; //客户端信息结构体 typedef struct _Client { SOCKET sClient; //客户端套接字 char buf[128]; //数据缓冲区 char userName[16]; //客户端用户名 char IP[20]; //客户端IP UINT_PTR flag; //标记客户端,用来区分不同的客户端 }Client; Client g_Client[2] = { 0 }; //创建一个客户端结构体 //发送数据线程 unsigned __stdcall ThreadSend(void* param) { int ret = 0; int flag = *(int*)param; SOCKET client = INVALID_SOCKET; //创建一个临时套接字来存放要转发的客户端套接字 char temp[128] = { 0 }; //创建一个临时的数据缓冲区,用来存放接收到的数据 memcpy(temp,g_Client[!flag].buf,sizeof(temp)); sprintf(g_Client[flag].buf,"%s: %s",g_Client[!flag].userName,temp);//添加一个用户名头 if (strlen(temp) != 0 && g_iStatus == SEND_YET) //如果数据不为空且还没转发则转发 ret = send(g_Client[flag].sClient,g_Client[flag].buf,sizeof(g_Client[flag].buf),0); if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) return 1; g_iStatus = SEND_OVER; //转发成功后设置状态为已转发 return 0; } //接受数据 unsigned __stdcall ThreadRecv(void* param) { SOCKET client = INVALID_SOCKET; int flag = 0; if (*(int*)param == g_Client[0].flag) //判断是哪个客户端发来的消息 { client = g_Client[0].sClient; flag = 0; } else if (*(int*)param == g_Client[1].flag) { client = g_Client[1].sClient; flag = 1; } char temp[128] = { 0 }; //临时数据缓冲区 while (1) { memset(temp,sizeof(temp)); int ret = recv(client,temp,sizeof(temp),0); //接收数据 if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) continue; g_iStatus = SEND_YET; //设置转发状态为未转发 flag = client == g_Client[0].sClient ? 1 : 0; //这个要设置,否则会出现自己给自己发消息的BUG memcpy(g_Client[!flag].buf,sizeof(g_Client[!flag].buf)); _beginthreadex(NULL,ThreadSend,&flag,NULL); //开启一个转发线程,flag标记着要转发给哪个客户端 //这里也可能是导致CPU使用率上升的原因。 } return 0; } //管理连接 unsigned __stdcall ThreadManager(void* param) { while (1) { if (send(g_Client[0].sClient,"",sizeof(""),0) == SOCKET_ERROR) { if (g_Client[0].sClient != 0) { CloseHandle(g_hRecv1); //这里关闭了线程句柄,但是测试结果断开连C/S接后CPU仍然疯涨 CloseHandle(g_hRecv2); printf("Disconnect from IP: %s,UserName: %sn",g_Client[0].IP,g_Client[0].userName); closesocket(g_Client[0].sClient); //这里简单的判断:若发送消息失败,则认为连接中断(其原因有多种),关闭该套接字 g_Client[0] = { 0 }; } } if (send(g_Client[1].sClient,0) == SOCKET_ERROR) { if (g_Client[1].sClient != 0) { CloseHandle(g_hRecv1); CloseHandle(g_hRecv2); printf("Disconnect from IP: %s,g_Client[1].IP,g_Client[1].userName); closesocket(g_Client[1].sClient); g_Client[1] = { 0 }; } } Sleep(2000); //2s检查一次 } return 0; } //接受请求 unsigned __stdcall ThreadAccept(void* param) { int i = 0; int temp1 = 0,temp2 = 0; _beginthreadex(NULL,ThreadManager,NULL,NULL); while (1) { while (i < 2) { if (g_Client[i].flag != 0) { ++i; continue; } //如果有客户端申请连接就接受连接 if ((g_Client[i].sClient = accept(g_ServerSocket,(SOCKADDR*)&g_ClientAddr,&g_iClientAddrLen)) == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("accept failed with error code: %dn",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(g_ServerSocket); WSACleanup(); return -1; } recv(g_Client[i].sClient,g_Client[i].userName,sizeof(g_Client[i].userName),0); //接收用户名 printf("Successfuuly got a connection from IP:%s,Port: %d,UerName: %sn",inet_ntoa(g_ClientAddr.sin_addr),htons(g_ClientAddr.sin_port),g_Client[i].userName); memcpy(g_Client[i].IP,sizeof(g_Client[i].IP)); //记录客户端IP g_Client[i].flag = g_Client[i].sClient; //不同的socke有不同UINT_PTR类型的数字来标识 i++; } i = 0; if (g_Client[0].flag != 0 && g_Client[1].flag != 0) //当两个用户都连接上服务器后才进行消息转发 { if (g_Client[0].flag != temp1) //每次断开一个连接后再次连上会新开一个线程,导致cpu使用率上升,所以要关掉旧的 { if (g_hRecv1) //这里关闭了线程句柄,但是测试结果断开连C/S接后CPU仍然疯涨 CloseHandle(g_hRecv1); g_hRecv1 = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL,ThreadRecv,&g_Client[0].flag,NULL); //开启2个接收消息的线程 } if (g_Client[1].flag != temp2) { if (g_hRecv2) CloseHandle(g_hRecv2); g_hRecv2 = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL,&g_Client[1].flag,NULL); } } temp1 = g_Client[0].flag; //防止ThreadRecv线程多次开启 temp2 = g_Client[1].flag; Sleep(3000); } return 0; } //启动服务器 int StartServer() { //存放套接字信息的结构 WSADATA wsaData = { 0 }; SOCKADDR_IN ServerAddr = { 0 }; //服务端地址 USHORT uPort = 18000; //服务器监听端口 //初始化套接字 if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsaData)) { printf("WSAStartup failed with error code: %dn",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } //判断版本 if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2) { printf("wVersion was not 2.2n"); return -1; } //创建套接字 g_ServerSocket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP); if (g_ServerSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("socket failed with error code: %dn",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } //设置服务器地址 ServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;//连接方式 ServerAddr.sin_port = htons(uPort);//服务器监听端口 ServerAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//任何客户端都能连接这个服务器 //绑定服务器 if (SOCKET_ERROR == bind(g_ServerSocket,(SOCKADDR*)&ServerAddr,sizeof(ServerAddr))) { printf("bind failed with error code: %dn",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(g_ServerSocket); return -1; } //设置监听客户端连接数 if (SOCKET_ERROR == listen(g_ServerSocket,20000)) { printf("listen failed with error code: %dn",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(g_ServerSocket); WSACleanup(); return -1; } _beginthreadex(NULL,ThreadAccept,0); for (int k = 0;k < 100;k++) //让主线程休眠,不让它关闭TCP连接. Sleep(10000000); //关闭套接字 for (int j = 0;j < 2;j++) { if (g_Client[j].sClient != INVALID_SOCKET) closesocket(g_Client[j].sClient); } closesocket(g_ServerSocket); WSACleanup(); return 0; } int main() { StartServer(); //启动服务器 return 0; } client code: #define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS #include <WinSock2.h> #include <process.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <conio.h> #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") #define RECV_OVER 1 #define RECV_YET 0 char userName[16] = { 0 }; int iStatus = RECV_YET; //接受数据 unsigned __stdcall ThreadRecv(void* param) { char buf[128] = { 0 }; while (1) { int ret = recv(*(SOCKET*)param,buf,sizeof(buf),0); if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) { Sleep(500); continue; } if (strlen(buf) != 0) { printf("%sn",buf); iStatus = RECV_OVER; } else Sleep(100); } return 0; } //发送数据 unsigned __stdcall ThreadSend(void* param) { char buf[128] = { 0 }; int ret = 0; while (1) { int c = getch(); if(c == 72 || c == 0 || c == 68)//为了显示美观,加一个无回显的读取字符函数 continue; //getch返回值我是经过实验得出如果是返回这几个值,则getch就会自动跳过,具体我也不懂。 printf("%s: ",userName); gets_s(buf); ret = send(*(SOCKET*)param,0); if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) return 1; } return 0; } //连接服务器 int ConnectServer() { WSADATA wsaData = { 0 };//存放套接字信息 SOCKET ClientSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;//客户端套接字 SOCKADDR_IN ServerAddr = { 0 };//服务端地址 USHORT uPort = 18000;//服务端端口 //初始化套接字 if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } //判断套接字版本 if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2) { printf("wVersion was not 2.2n"); return -1; } //创建套接字 ClientSocket = socket(AF_INET,IPPROTO_TCP); if (ClientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("socket failed with error code: %dn",WSAGetLastError()); return -1; } //输入服务器IP printf("Please input server IP:"); char IP[32] = { 0 }; gets_s(IP); //设置服务器地址 ServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; ServerAddr.sin_port = htons(uPort);//服务器端口 ServerAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(IP);//服务器地址 printf("connecting......n"); //连接服务器 if (SOCKET_ERROR == connect(ClientSocket,sizeof(ServerAddr))) { printf("connect failed with error code: %dn",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(ClientSocket); WSACleanup(); return -1; } printf("Connecting server successfully IP:%s Port:%dn",IP,htons(ServerAddr.sin_port)); printf("Please input your UserName: "); gets_s(userName); send(ClientSocket,userName,sizeof(userName),0); printf("nn"); _beginthreadex(NULL,&ClientSocket,NULL); //启动接收和发送消息线程 _beginthreadex(NULL,NULL); for (int k = 0;k < 1000;k++) Sleep(10000000); closesocket(ClientSocket); WSACleanup(); return 0; } int main() { ConnectServer(); //连接服务器 return 0; } 这程序还有一些BUG,其中最大的就是关掉一个连接后CPU使用率疯涨,我测试过我想到的可能,还是找不到结果~,希望有大神懂的告知一下。 以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持编程小技巧。 (编辑:李大同) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |