ios – “dyld：Library not loaded”错误

发布时间：2020-12-14 19:23:51 所属栏目：百科来源：网络整理

导读：我已成功编译静态库并将其添加到XCode项目,就像它在 documentation中编写的那样： libclang.a文件位于项目目录中(添加了文件副本和组) libclang.a列在“框架”中我已将’-Objc’链接器标志添加到’其他链接器标志’. libclang.a列在“复制包资源”中 libcla

我已成功编译静态库并将其添加到XCode项目,就像它在 documentation中编写的那样：

> libclang.a文件位于项目目录中(添加了文件副本和组)
> libclang.a列在“框架”中
>我已将’-Objc’链接器标志添加到’其他链接器标志’.
> libclang.a列在“复制包资源”中

libclang.a是为ios模拟器编译的：

MBA-Anton:llvm_34_build_i386 asmirnov$lipo -info ../llvm_34_ios_i386_installed/lib/libclang.a
input file ../llvm_34_ios_i386_installed/lib/libclang.a is not a fat file
Non-fat file: ../llvm_34_ios_i386_installed/lib/libclang.a is architecture: i386

我能够构建项目,但是当ios模拟器启动应用程序时我遇到错误：

dyld: Library not loaded: @rpath/libclang.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/asmirnov/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/7.1/Applications/D87A3FA9-7207-40B4-9EA0-5F06CEF6EF7B/StaticLibraryUsage.app/StaticLibraryUsage
  Reason: image not found

我发现了类似的问题,但似乎我做了推荐的所有事情.有什么想法吗？

PS.我有libclang.dylib文件,但我不确定它是否真的需要,因为我在项目中添加了libclang.a文件.

PPS.我编译了armv7版本的libclang.a并使用lipo创建了包含i386和armv7的胖库.删除i386版本的libclang.a并添加胖版本的libclang.a后,我有multiple unresolved references for i386 arch build errors.

购买力平价.我通过在项目中添加所有libLLVM * .a文件来解决“未解析的引用”错误.但现在我有原始的“dyld：图书馆未加载”.

PPPPS：.m编译命令行：

CompileC /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Objects-normal/i386/ASAppDelegate.o StaticLibraryUsage2/ASAppDelegate.m normal i386 objective-c com.apple.compilers.llvm.clang.1_0.compiler
    cd /Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/iOS_Projects/StaticLibraryUsage2
    export LANG=en_US.US-ASCII
    export PATH="/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin:/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin"
    /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang -x objective-c -arch i386 -fmessage-length=0 -fdiagnostics-show-note-include-stack -fmacro-backtrace-limit=0 -std=gnu99 -fobjc-arc -fmodules -fmodules-cache-path=/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/ModuleCache -Wno-trigraphs -fpascal-strings -O0 -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-missing-prototypes -Werror=return-type -Wno-implicit-atomic-properties -Werror=deprecated-objc-isa-usage -Werror=objc-root-class -Wno-receiver-is-weak -Wno-arc-repeated-use-of-weak -Wduplicate-method-match -Wno-missing-braces -Wparentheses -Wswitch -Wunused-function -Wno-unused-label -Wno-unused-parameter -Wunused-variable -Wunused-value -Wempty-body -Wconditional-uninitialized -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wno-shadow -Wno-four-char-constants -Wno-conversion -Wconstant-conversion -Wint-conversion -Wbool-conversion -Wenum-conversion -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wpointer-sign -Wno-newline-eof -Wno-selector -Wno-strict-selector-match -Wundeclared-selector -Wno-deprecated-implementations -DDEBUG=1 -DDEBUG=1 -D__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS -D__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator7.1.sdk -fexceptions -fasm-blocks -fstrict-aliasing -Wprotocol -Wdeprecated-declarations -g -Wno-sign-conversion -fobjc-abi-version=2 -fobjc-legacy-dispatch -mios-simulator-version-min=7.1 -iquote /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/StaticLibraryUsage2-generated-files.hmap -I/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/StaticLibraryUsage2-own-target-headers.hmap -I/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/StaticLibraryUsage2-all-target-headers.hmap -iquote /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/StaticLibraryUsage2-project-headers.hmap -I/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include -I/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/DerivedSources/i386 -I/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/DerivedSources -F/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator -include /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/PrecompiledHeaders/StaticLibraryUsage2-Prefix-baynabgphydhcmapwpcclpqhagrv/StaticLibraryUsage2-Prefix.pch -MMD -MT dependencies -MF /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Objects-normal/i386/ASAppDelegate.d --serialize-diagnostics /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Objects-normal/i386/ASAppDelegate.dia -c /Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/iOS_Projects/StaticLibraryUsage2/StaticLibraryUsage2/ASAppDelegate.m -o /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Objects-normal/i386/ASAppDelegate.o

link命令行：

Ld /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.app/StaticLibraryUsage2 normal i386
    cd /Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/iOS_Projects/StaticLibraryUsage2
    export IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=7.1
    export PATH="/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin:/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin"
    /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang -arch i386 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator7.1.sdk -L/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator -L/Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/llvm_34_ios_fat_installed -L/Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/iOS_Projects/StaticLibraryUsage2/StaticLibraryUsage2 -L/Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/llvm_34_ios_i386_installed_2/lib -F/Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator -filelist /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Objects-normal/i386/StaticLibraryUsage2.LinkFileList -Xlinker -objc_abi_version -Xlinker 2 -ObjC -lstdc++ -fobjc-arc -fobjc-link-runtime -Xlinker -no_implicit_dylibs -mios-simulator-version-min=7.1 -lLLVMRuntimeDyld -lLLVMSystemZAsmParser -lLLVMAArch64CodeGen -lLLVMTarget -lLLVMMCJIT -lLLVMX86Disassembler -lLLVMExecutionEngine -lLLVMPowerPCInfo -lLLVMHexagonAsmPrinter -lLLVMX86Utils -lLLVMPowerPCAsmParser -lclangDriver -lLLVMARMInfo -lLLVMAArch64AsmParser -lLLVMHexagonDesc -lLLVMipa -lclangARCMigrate -lLLVMMipsDesc -lLLVMNVPTXCodeGen -lLLVMBitWriter -lLLVMXCoreDisassembler -lLLVMNVPTXDesc -lLLVMX86CodeGen -lLLVMHexagonInfo -lLLVMSystemZAsmPrinter -lLLVMTableGen -lLLVMSystemZCodeGen -lLLVMInstrumentation -lLLVMAArch64Disassembler -lLLVMX86AsmPrinter -lLLVMCppBackendInfo -lclangBasic -lLLVMCodeGen -lLLVMDebugInfo -lLLVMAArch64Utils -lLLVMNVPTXAsmPrinter -framework CoreGraphics -lLLVMAsmParser -lLLVMSparcCodeGen -lclangFormat -lLLVMXCoreDesc -lLLVMipo -lLLVMObject -lclang -lLLVMX86Desc -lLLVMPowerPCDesc -lLLVMXCoreCodeGen -lLLVMVectorize -lclangAST -lclangSema -lclangTooling -lLLVMIRReader -lLLVMMipsCodeGen -lclangRewriteCore -lLLVMXCoreAsmPrinter -lLLVMMSP430Desc -lLLVMInstCombine -lLLVMAArch64AsmPrinter -lLLVMMCParser -lLLVMR600Info -lLLVMMipsAsmPrinter -lLLVMMipsAsmParser -lLLVMMCDisassembler -lLLVMBitReader -lclangAnalysis -lclangStaticAnalyzerCore -lLLVMMipsDisassembler -lLLVMR600AsmPrinter -lLLVMR600CodeGen -lLLVMAArch64Info -lclangDynamicASTMatchers -lLLVMARMAsmPrinter -lLLVMXCoreInfo -lclangStaticAnalyzerFrontend -lLLVMMipsInfo -lLLVMSelectionDAG -lLLVMTransformUtils -lLLVMSparcInfo -lLLVMR600Desc -lLLVMOption -lLLVMAArch64Desc -lLLVMObjCARCOpts -lLLVMJIT -lclangEdit -lLLVMSystemZDesc -lLLVMARMDesc -lLLVMSparcDesc -lLLVMMC -lLLVMMSP430CodeGen -lLTO -lLLVMHexagonCodeGen -lLLVMMSP430AsmPrinter -framework UIKit -lLLVMAnalysis -lLLVMMSP430Info -lLLVMARMCodeGen -lLLVMARMAsmParser -lclangCodeGen -lLLVMLinker -lLLVMPowerPCCodeGen -lLLVMAsmPrinter -lLLVMX86AsmParser -lLLVMSystemZInfo -framework Foundation -lclangASTMatchers -lLLVMScalarOpts -lLLVMPowerPCAsmPrinter -lLLVMARMDisassembler -lLLVMNVPTXInfo -lclangParse -lclangIndex -lclangStaticAnalyzerCheckers -lclangRewriteFrontend -lLLVMInterpreter -lclangLex -lLLVMCppBackendCodeGen -lLLVMX86Info -lLLVMCore -lLLVMLTO -lclangFrontend -lclangFrontendTool -lLLVMSupport -lLLVMSystemZDisassembler -lclangSerialization -Xlinker -dependency_info -Xlinker /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Intermediates/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.build/Objects-normal/i386/StaticLibraryUsage2_dependency_info.dat -o /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/TestProject-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.app/StaticLibraryUsage2

libclang.a添加到可执行命令行：

CpResource /Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/llvm_34_ios_i386_installed_2/lib/libclang.a /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/PocketIDE-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.app/libclang.a
    cd /Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/iOS_Projects/StaticLibraryUsage2
    export PATH="/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/bin:/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin"
    builtin-copy -exclude .DS_Store -exclude CVS -exclude .svn -exclude .git -exclude .hg -resolve-src-symlinks /Users/asmirnov/Documents/dev/src/llvm_34_ios_i386_installed_2/lib/libclang.a /Users/asmirnov/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/PocketIDE-axtxqjlvmrcxqsfnvgobybceosvb/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/StaticLibraryUsage2.app

用于测试libclang的控制器代码：

#import "Index.h"

// ...

// show diagnostics
void showHighlight(CXTranslationUnit TU,const char *src_filename,unsigned filesize)
{
    if (TU)
        NSLog(@"Translation unit valid: %sn",src_filename);

    CXFile file = clang_getFile(TU,src_filename);

    if (file)
        NSLog(@"file is valid,size = %in",filesize);

    unsigned int line,column,offset;

    CXToken *tokens;
    unsigned numTokens;

    // range = all the file
    CXSourceLocation beginning = clang_getLocationForOffset(TU,file,0);
    CXSourceLocation end = clang_getLocationForOffset(TU,filesize);
    CXSourceRange range = clang_getRange(beginning,end);

    clang_tokenize(TU,range,&tokens,&numTokens);

    NSLog(@"%i tokens:n",numTokens);

    for (int i=0; i<numTokens; i++) {
        CXToken token = tokens[i];

        CXTokenKind kind = clang_getTokenKind(token);
        CXSourceLocation location = clang_getTokenLocation(TU,token);
        clang_getSpellingLocation(location,&file,&line,&column,&offset);
        CXString filename = clang_getFileName(file);
        CXString spelling = clang_getTokenSpelling(TU,token);

        NSLog(@"kind=[%s],[%s %i:%i offset=%i] [%s]n",kinds[kind],clang_getCString(filename),line,offset,clang_getCString(spelling));

        clang_disposeString(filename);
        clang_disposeString(spelling);
    }

    clang_disposeTokens(TU,tokens,numTokens);
}

unsigned getfilesize(const char* filename)
{
    FILE *fp = fopen(filename,"r");
    fseek(fp,0L,SEEK_END);
    unsigned sz = ftell(fp);
    fclose(fp);
    return sz;
}
- (void)testClang
{
    NSLog(@"started");

    // get file from bundle
    NSString *ns_filename = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"test_hl" ofType:@"cpp"];
    BOOL fileExists = [[NSFileManager defaultManager]fileExistsAtPath:ns_filename];
    NSLog(@"file %@ exists: %d",ns_filename,fileExists);

    CXIndex index = clang_createIndex(false,false);

    // command-line tu
    const char *filename = [ns_filename UTF8String];
    const char *argv = { filename };
    int argc = 1;
    CXTranslationUnit commandLineTu = clang_parseTranslationUnit(index,&argv,argc,CXTranslationUnit_None);

    unsigned filesize = getfilesize(filename);
    showHighlight(commandLineTu,filename,filesize);

    clang_disposeTranslationUnit(commandLineTu);
    clang_disposeIndex(index);

    NSLog(@"finished");
}

- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [self testClang];
}

解决方法

遗憾的是,这个错误试图告诉你的是,lib clang认为它的@rpath是你的应用程序包的根,但事实并非如此.

前几天我认真思考这个问题.
这个很难(硬.
你必须使用构建阶段设置使用libclang.a做一些疯狂的事情.
在目标的Build Phases中,您需要添加一些Run Script Phases.

一个将是这样的：

echo "warning: OTOOL BEGIN1";
pwd;
otool -L ${SRCROOT}/Clangwrap/ClangAndLLVM/lib/libclang.dylib;
echo "Warning: OTOOL END1";

这只是做了一些事情.
首先,它很好地用日志将事物夹在中间,看看发生了什么.
第二个是它确实只是在复制之后确认了lib的路径. (是的,你应该把它复制到你的项目中以保持理智.)
otool这样做.
SRCROOT是你项目的根,然后是你在Finder中项目文件夹中你要使用的lib的相对路径.

再次,这只是证实了它是你认为的地方.

好的,下一步.这真是太过分了.

echo "BEGIN install_name_tool";
install_name_tool -id @executable_path/../Frameworks/libclang.dylib ${SRCROOT}/Clangwrap/ClangAndLLVM/lib/libclang.dylib;
echo "END install_name_tool";

这将运行模糊的命令行工具install_name_tool,该工具用于设置lib认为它位于应用程序包中的路径.如果不这样做,lib会认为它在其他路径中.您将设置此路径以达到预期目标.在Mac应用程序中,我使用了捆绑包中的Frameworks文件夹,因此我将其设置为此类. install_name_tool的第一个参数是应用程序包中lib的相对路径.第二个参数是lib当前在项目中的位置,以便install_name_tool可以设置其可执行路径.
这实际上修改了一些lib,因此它是可加载的. libs必须知道自己的加载路径.

请注意,第一步仅适用于您自己的理智.
第二步是必需的,两者都应该在Compile Sources Build阶段之前发生.
单击并拖动以将其向上移动.

现在是最后一步.添加新的复制文件阶段,这将在构建阶段保持最后.
将目标设置为与install_name_tool的第一个arg相同,这样您就知道您的相对路径已设置,并且您将放置lib的位置.
我用过Frameworks.
现在将文件添加到此Build Phase,对于iPhone,添加libclang.a(我认为你不能在iOS上使用libclang.dylib)

请注意,您看到我使用libclang.dylib,因为我在Mac应用程序项目中执行了此操作.它几乎应该是同一个过程.

这不是一个简单或可发现的过程,我将它从几个博客和文档拼凑而成.

（编辑：李大同）

【声明】本站内容均来自网络，其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点，不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利，请及时与联系站长删除相关内容!