ios – Swift对象初始化(类工厂方法,默认初始化,方便初始化)

我认为我使用初始化器,方便和默认都是正确的…但是类工厂方法会发生什么？

我试图创建一个简单的类Person和子类Student,只有很少的属性和方法.这是最正确的方法吗？

class Person{

    var _name: String
    var _surname: String
    var _dateOfBirthday: String
    var _phoneNumb: [String]

    init(name:String,surname:String,dateOfBirthday:String,phone:[String]){
        self._name = name
        self._surname = surname
        self._dateOfBirthday = dateOfBirthday
        self._phoneNumb = phone
    }

    convenience init() {
        self.init(name:"",surname:"",dateOfBirthday:"",phone:[])
    }

    convenience init(name:String){
        self.init(name:name,phone:[])
    }


}



class Student:Person{

    var _studentId:Int

    init(name: String,surname: String,dateOfBirthday: String,phone: [String],id:Int) {
        self._studentId = id
        super.init(name: "",surname: "",dateOfBirthday: "",phone: [])
    }

    convenience init(){
        self.init(name: "",phone: [],id:0)
    }

    convenience init(name:String){
        self.init(name:name,phone:[],id:0)
    }

}

如果我想添加一个类工厂方法怎么办？会是这样的事情还是我做错了？

class func Person() -> Person {
 var x = Person()
 x._telephoneNumber = [String]() // is this needed? or i can initialize it later?
 return x
}

class func PersonWithName(name:String) -> Person {
 var x = Person(name:name,telephoneNumber:[])
 return x
}

它是否正确？为什么使用init而不是类工厂会更好？