身份证正则法则

package com.hisuntech.mpos.utils;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Hashtable;

import android.util.Log;

/**
 * 
 * ClassName: IDnumDistinguish <br/>
 * 
 * @Description: 身份证号码,可以解析身份证号码的各个字段，以及验证身份证号码是否有效
 *               <p>
 *               身份证号码构成：6位地址编码+8位生日+3位顺序码+1位校验码
 *               </p>
 *               date: 2014-4-10 下午1:52:02 <br/>
 * 
 * @author yanxiaogang
 * @version
 * @since JDK 1.6
 */

public class IDnumDistinguish {

   /** 身份证号码中的出生日期的格式 */
   private static final String BIRTH_DATE_FORMAT = "yyyyMMdd";
   /** 身份证的最小出生日期,1900年1月1日 */
   private static final Date MIN_BIRTH_DATE = new Date(-2209017600000L);
   /** 新版身份证号码长度 */
   private static final int NEW_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH = 18;
   /** 旧版身份证号码长度 */
   private static final int OLD_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH = 15;
   /** 18位身份证中最后一位校验码 */
   private static final char[] VERIFY_CODE = { '1','0','X','9','8','7',         '6','5','4','3','2' };
   /** 18位身份证中，各个数字的生成校验码时的权值 */
   private static final int[] VERIFY_CODE_WEIGHT = { 7,9,10,5,8,4,2,1,         6,3,7,2 };
   /** 完整的身份证号码 */
   private final String cardNumber;
   /** 缓存身份证是否有效，因为验证有效性使用频繁且计算复杂 */
   private Boolean cacheValidateResult = null;
   /** 缓存出生日期，因为出生日期使用频繁且计算复杂 */
   private Date cacheBirthDate = null;
   /** 当前时间 */
   private Date currentDate = new Date();
   
   public   IDnumDistinguish(String cardNumber,String serTime) {

      if (null != cardNumber) {
         cardNumber = cardNumber.trim();
         if (OLD_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH == cardNumber.length()) {
            // 如果是15位身份证号码，则自动转换为18位
            cardNumber = contertToNewCardNumber(cardNumber);
         }
      }
      if (null != serTime){
         currentDate = strToDate(serTime,"yyyyMMddhhmmss");
      }
      this.cardNumber = cardNumber;
   }

   /**
    * @Title: validate
    * @Description: 身份证号码校验
    * @return boolean
    * @author
    */
   public  boolean validate() {

      if (null == this.cacheValidateResult) {
         boolean result = true;
         try {
            // 身份证号码不能为空
            result = result && (null != this.cardNumber);
            // 身份证号长度是18(新证)
            result = result
                  && NEW_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH == this.cardNumber.length();

            char ch;
            // 身份证号的前17位必须是阿拉伯数字
            for (int i = 0; i < NEW_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH - 1; i++) {
               ch = cardNumber.charAt(i);
               result = result && ch >= '0' && ch <= '9';
            }
            // 身份证号的第18位校验正确
            result = result
                  && (calculateVerifyCode(cardNumber) == cardNumber
                        .charAt(NEW_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH - 1));
            // 出生日期不能晚于当前时间，并且不能早于1900年
            Date birthDate = getBirthDate();
            result = result && null != birthDate;
            result = result && birthDate.before(currentDate);
            result = result && birthDate.after(MIN_BIRTH_DATE);

            String birthdayPart = getBirthDayPart();
            String realBirthdayPart = this.createBirthDateParser().format(
                  birthDate);
            result = result && (birthdayPart.equals(realBirthdayPart));
         } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e("Execute method:validate() fail!",e.toString());
            result = false;
         }
         // 完整身份证号码的省市县区检验规则
         cacheValidateResult = Boolean.valueOf(result);
      }
      return cacheValidateResult;
   }

   /**
    * 功能：设置地区编码
    * 
    * @return Hashtable 对象
    */
   private static Hashtable<String,String> GetAreaCode() {
      Hashtable<String,String> hashtable = new Hashtable<String,String>();
      hashtable.put("11","北京");
      hashtable.put("12","天津");
      hashtable.put("13","河北");
      hashtable.put("14","山西");
      hashtable.put("15","内蒙古");
      hashtable.put("21","辽宁");
      hashtable.put("22","吉林");
      hashtable.put("23","黑龙江");
      hashtable.put("31","上海");
      hashtable.put("32","江苏");
      hashtable.put("33","浙江");
      hashtable.put("34","安徽");
      hashtable.put("35","福建");
      hashtable.put("36","江西");
      hashtable.put("37","山东");
      hashtable.put("41","河南");
      hashtable.put("42","湖北");
      hashtable.put("43","湖南");
      hashtable.put("44","广东");
      hashtable.put("45","广西");
      hashtable.put("46","海南");
      hashtable.put("50","重庆");
      hashtable.put("51","四川");
      hashtable.put("52","贵州");
      hashtable.put("53","云南");
      hashtable.put("54","西藏");
      hashtable.put("61","陕西");
      hashtable.put("62","甘肃");
      hashtable.put("63","青海");
      hashtable.put("64","宁夏");
      hashtable.put("65","新疆");
      hashtable.put("71","台湾");
      hashtable.put("81","香港");
      hashtable.put("82","澳门");
      hashtable.put("91","国外");
      return hashtable;
   }

   /**
    * @Title: getAddressCode
    * @Description: 获取身份证号码中的地址编码
    * @return String
    * @author
    */
   public String getAddressCode() {

      checkIfValid();
      Hashtable<String,String> h = GetAreaCode();
      if (h.get(cardNumber.substring(0,2)) == null) {
         throw new RuntimeException("身地区编码不正确！");
      }
      // return this.cardNumber.substring(0,6);
      return h.get(cardNumber.substring(0,2));
   }

   /**
    * @Title: getBirthDate
    * @Description: 获取身份证号码中的生日
    * @return java.util.Date
    * @author
    */
   public Date getBirthDate() {

      if (null == this.cacheBirthDate) {
         try {
            this.cacheBirthDate = createBirthDateParser().parse(
                  getBirthDayPart());
         } catch (ParseException e) {
            Log.e("Parse BirthDay Part fail!",e.toString());
         } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e("Parse BirthDay Part fail!",e.toString());
         }
      }
      return new Date(this.cacheBirthDate.getTime());
   }

   /**
    * @Title: isMale
    * @Description: 判断是否为男性
    * @return boolean
    * @author
    */
   public boolean isMale() {
      return 1 == getGenderCode();
   }

   /**
    * @Title: isMale
    * @Description: 判断是否为女性
    * @return boolean
    * @author
    */
   public boolean isFemal() {
      return false == isMale();
   }

   /**
    * @Title: getGenderCode
    * @Description: 获取身份证的第17位，奇数为男性，偶数为女性
    * @return int
    * @author
    */
   private int getGenderCode() {

      checkIfValid();

      char genderCode = this.cardNumber.charAt(NEW_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH - 2);

      return (((int) (genderCode - '0')) & 0x1);
   }

   private String getBirthDayPart() {
      return this.cardNumber.substring(6,14);
   }

   private SimpleDateFormat createBirthDateParser() {
      return new SimpleDateFormat(BIRTH_DATE_FORMAT);
   }

   private void checkIfValid() {

      if (false == validate()) {
         throw new RuntimeException("身份证号码不正确！");
      }
   }

   /**
    * @Title: calculateVerifyCode
    * @Description: 校验码（第十八位数）
    *               <p>
    *               十七位数字本体码加权求和公式 S = Sum(Ai * Wi),i = 0...16 ，先对前17位数字的权求和
    *               </p>
    *               <p>
    *               Ai:表示第i位置上的身份证号码数字值
    *               </p>
    *               <p>
    *               Wi:表示第i位置上的加权因子 Wi: 7 9 10 5 8 4 2 1 6 3 7 9 10 5 8 4 2
    *               </p>
    *               <p>
    *               计算模 Y = mod(S,11)
    *               </p>
    *               <p>
    *               通过模得到对应的校验码 Y: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 校验码: 1 0 X 9 8 7 6 5
    *               4 3 2
    *               </p>
    * @param cardNumber
    * @return char
    * @author
    */
   private static char calculateVerifyCode(CharSequence cardNumber) {

      int sum = 0;

      char ch;

      for (int i = 0; i < NEW_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH - 1; i++) {
         ch = cardNumber.charAt(i);
         sum += ((int) (ch - '0')) * VERIFY_CODE_WEIGHT[i];
      }
      return VERIFY_CODE[sum % 11];
   }

   /**
    * @Title: contertToNewCardNumber
    * @Description: 把15位身份证号码转换到18位身份证号码
    * @param oldCardNumber
    *            15位身份证号码
    * @return:
    * @author
    */
   private static String contertToNewCardNumber(String oldCardNumber) {

      /*
       * 15位身份证号码与18位身份证号码的区别为： 1: 15位身份证号码中，"出生年份"字段是2位，转换时需要补入"19"，表示20世纪;
       * 2: 15位身份证无最后一位校验码。18位身份证中，校验码根据根据前17位生成
       */

      StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(NEW_CARD_NUMBER_LENGTH);

      buf.append(oldCardNumber.substring(0,6));
      buf.append("19");
      buf.append(oldCardNumber.substring(6));
      buf.append(IDnumDistinguish.calculateVerifyCode(buf));

      return buf.toString();
   }

   /**
    * @return the cardNumber
    */
   public String getCardNumber() {
      return cardNumber;
   }
   
   
   /**
    * String 转换成 时间
    * @param str
    * @return
    */
   public static java.util.Date strToDate(String str,String patten) {
      
      if (str != null) {
         if(patten == null)
            patten = "yyyy-MM-dd";
         SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(patten);
         try {
            java.util.Date dt = null;
            dt = formatter.parse(str);
            return dt;
         } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
         }
      }
      return null;
}
}

（编辑：李大同）

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