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也许你不像每次在登录的时候都用过psql的-W选项为某个用户输入密码，并且你不想把此用户在pg_hba.conf文件里设置为trust信任模式。那么可以尝试下使用POSTGRESQL的.pgpass文件。
首先，创建一个用户test
create user test;
并且使用alter user test password 'yourpassword'命令为该用户添加密码
再在pg_hba.conf文件里添加如下内容
host mysql test xx.xx.xxx.x/0 password
(xx处为你主机的完整IP地址)
登陆一把试试
[mysql@pttest4 ~]$ psql -h pttest4 -d mysql -U test -W
Password for user test:
Welcome to psql 8.2.16,the PostgreSQL interactive terminal.
Type: /copyright for distribution terms
/h for help with SQL commands
/? for help with psql commands
/g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
/q to quit
mysql=> /q
此时使用了-W选项，系统会提示你输入密码。下面我们添加~/.pgpass试试，内容为
pttest4:5432:mysql:test:test
保存以后，登录一把试试
[mysql@pttest4 ~]$ psql -h pttest4 -d mysql -U test
WARNING: password file "/home/mysql/.pgpass" has world or group read access; permission should be u=rw (0600)
Password for user test:
Welcome to psql 8.2.16,the PostgreSQL interactive terminal.
Type: /copyright for distribution terms
/h for help with SQL commands
/? for help with psql commands
/g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
/q to quit
mysql=> /q
这时我们可以看到，仍然会提示我们输入密码才能登录。仔细看一下WARNING，因为~/.pgpass文件的权限不正确，更改一下
[mysql@pttest4 ~]$ chmod 0600 .pgpass
[mysql@pttest4 ~]$ ls -al |grep .pgpass
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 29 May 15 16:13 .pgpass
再次登录
[mysql@pttest4 ~]$ psql -h pttest4 -d mysql -U test
Welcome to psql 8.2.16,the PostgreSQL interactive terminal.
Type: /copyright for distribution terms
/h for help with SQL commands
/? for help with psql commands
/g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
/q to quit
mysql=>
OK，顺利登录
官方文档链接如下
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-pgpass.html （编辑：李大同）
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