postgresql大版本升级

环境:
当前版本:pg 9.4.6 安装路劲为:/data/pg946/
目标版本:pg 9.5.1 安装路劲为:/data/pg951/


*****************************************************
1.安装新版本
*****************************************************


/*******

make --version

gcc --version

perl --version

python --version



----1.安装环境包

yum -y install wget gcc gcc-c++ readline-devel zlib-devel make   systemtap systemtap-sdt-devel 
perl perl-devel python python-devel tcl  tcl-devel    perl-ExtUtils-Embed 
sgml-common docbook stylesheets openjade  sgml-tools  xsltproc libxslt libxslt-devel 
libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel   pam pam-devel bison flex libreadline6-devel 


******/

----2.编译安装



#useradd postgres && echo 'password' |passwd --stdin  postgres


#mkdir -p /data/pg951/data   && chown -R postgres /data/pg951/data


# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.5.1/

#mkdir -p /soft && cd /soft

#rz

# tar xf postgresql-9.5.1.tar.gz && cd postgresql-9.5.1




#./configure


./configure --prefix=/data/pg951 
--with-pgport=5435  
--with-perl --with-python --with-tcl  
--with-openssl  --without-ldap  
 --with-libxml  --with-libxslt    
--enable-thread-safety    
--with-wal-blocksize=64   
--with-blocksize=32 
--with-wal-segsize=64 
-enable-dtrace  
--enable-debug


#make && make install


-----3.执行数据库初始化脚本(指定字符集)

$/data/pg951/bin/initdb  -D /data/pg951/data  --encoding=utf8   -U postgres



---结果如下

The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "C".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "SQL_ASCII".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /data/pg951/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
creating configuration files ... ok
creating template1 database in /data/pg951/data/base/1 ... ok
initializing pg_authid ... ok
initializing dependencies ... ok
creating system views ... ok
loading system objects' descriptions ... ok
creating collations ... ok
creating conversions ... ok
creating dictionaries ... ok
setting privileges on built-in objects ... ok
creating information schema ... ok
loading PL/pgSQL server-side language ... ok
vacuuming database template1 ... ok
copying template1 to template0 ... ok
copying template1 to postgres ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A,or
--auth-local and --auth-host,the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    /data/pg951/bin/pg_ctl -D /data/pg951/data -l logfile start



----4.启动pg新版本

$cp postgresql.conf  /data/pg951/data/



$/data/pg951/bin/pg_ctl  -D /data/pg951/data  status

$/data/pg951/bin/pg_ctl  -D /data/pg951/data  start 



$退出变更登录
exit

*****************************************************
---2.升级
*****************************************************

-----1.将两个库都停止服务


$ netstat -lntp | grep postgres
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5432                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      6287/postgres       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:5435              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      6303/postgres   


$/data/pg946/bin/pg_ctl   -D /data/pg946/data  stop 


$/data/pg951/bin/pg_ctl  -D /data/pg951/data  stop  



$ /data/pg946/bin/pg_ctl  -D /data/pg946/data  status
pg_ctl: no server running


$ /data/pg951/bin/pg_ctl  -D /data/pg951/data  status
pg_ctl: no server running




------2.执行pg_upgrade


#mkdir -p /data/upgrade   && chown -R postgres /data/upgrade  



----2.1 进行pg_upgrade检查

$cd /data/upgrade/

$/data/pg951/bin/pg_upgrade   -c    -b /data/pg946/bin   
-B /data/pg951/bin/ -d /data/pg946/data -D /data/pg951/data -p 5432 -P 5435

Performing Consistency Checks
-----------------------------
Checking cluster versions                                   ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking database connection settings                       ok
Checking for prepared transactions                          ok
Checking for reg* system OID user data types                ok
Checking for contrib/isn with bigint-passing mismatch       ok
Checking for presence of required libraries                 ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking for prepared transactions                          ok

*Clusters are compatible*





----2.2进行pg_upgrade升级

两种升级方式:
1).缺省的通过拷贝数据文件到新的data目录下，拷贝的方式升级较慢，但是原库还可用；
2).硬链接的方式升级较快，但是原库不可用.



$/data/pg951/bin/pg_upgrade   -b /data/pg946/bin   
-B /data/pg951/bin/ -d /data/pg946/data -D /data/pg951/data -p 5432 -P 5435

----执行结果
Performing Consistency Checks
-----------------------------
Checking cluster versions                                   ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking database connection settings                       ok
Checking for prepared transactions                          ok
Checking for reg* system OID user data types                ok
Checking for contrib/isn with bigint-passing mismatch       ok
Creating dump of global objects                             ok
Creating dump of database schemas
                                                            ok
Checking for presence of required libraries                 ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking for prepared transactions                          ok

If pg_upgrade fails after this point,you must re-initdb the
new cluster before continuing.

Performing Upgrade
------------------
Analyzing all rows in the new cluster                       ok
Freezing all rows on the new cluster                        ok
Deleting files from new pg_clog                             ok
Copying old pg_clog to new server                           ok
Setting next transaction ID and epoch for new cluster       ok
Deleting files from new pg_multixact/offsets                ok
Copying old pg_multixact/offsets to new server              ok
Deleting files from new pg_multixact/members                ok
Copying old pg_multixact/members to new server              ok
Setting next multixact ID and offset for new cluster        ok
Resetting WAL archives                                      ok
Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster       ok
Restoring global objects in the new cluster                 ok
Restoring database schemas in the new cluster
                                                            ok
Creating newly-required TOAST tables                        ok
Copying user relation files
                                                            ok
Setting next OID for new cluster                            ok
Sync data directory to disk                                 ok
Creating script to analyze new cluster                      ok
Creating script to delete old cluster                       ok

Upgrade Complete
----------------
Optimizer statistics are not transferred by pg_upgrade so,once you start the new server,consider running:
    ./analyze_new_cluster.sh

Running this script will delete the old cluster's data files:
    ./delete_old_cluster.sh




---3. 修改新版本为正常端口号

$ grep -i "^port" /data/pg951/data/postgresql.conf 
port = 5435			# (change requires restart)


$ sed  -i "s/5435/5432/1" /data/pg951/data/postgresql.conf 
port = 5432			# (change requires restart)


----4.修改环境变量

# su - postgres

$  vi  ~/.bash_profile 


# postgres
#PostgreSQL端口
PGPORT=5432

#PostgreSQL数据目录
PGDATA=/data/pg951/data

export PGPORT PGDATA 

#所使用的语言
export LANG=en_US.utf8

#PostgreSQL 安装目录
export PGHOME=/data/pg951

#PostgreSQL 连接库文件
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"`

#将PostgreSQL的命令行添加到 PATH 环境变量
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH

#PostgreSQL的 man 手册
export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH

#PostgreSQL的默认用户
export PGUSER=postgres

#PostgreSQL默认主机地址
export PGHOST=127.0.0.1

#默认的数据库名
export PGDATABASE=postgres



#source ~/.bash_profile 





----5.PostgreSQL执行脚本

#复制PostgreSQL执行脚本
cp /soft/postgresql-9.5.1/contrib/start-scripts/linux  /etc/init.d/postgresql

#增加执行权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/postgresql


#编辑PostgreSQL执行脚本,确定以下参数或修改

#vi /etc/init.d/postgresql

# Installation prefix
prefix=/data/pg951

# Data directory
PGDATA="/data/pg951/data"

# Who to run the postmaster as,usually "postgres".  (NOT "root")
PGUSER=postgres

# Where to keep a log file
PGLOG="$PGDATA/serverlog"


----6.启动新版本
/data/pg951/bin/pg_ctl  -D /data/pg951/data  start



-----7.验证
$ /data/pg951/bin/psql  --version
psql (PostgreSQL) 9.5.1


$ /data/pg951/bin/psql 
psql (9.5.1)
Type "help" for help.

postgres@127.0.0.1 ~=# l
                                 List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding |  Collate   |   Ctype    |   Access privileges   
-----------+----------+----------+------------+------------+-----------------------
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |            |            | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | postgres=CTc/postgres+
           |          |          |            |            | =c/postgres
 wind      | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | 
(4 rows)

postgres@127.0.0.1 ~=# c wind
You are now connected to database "wind" as user "postgres".
postgres@127.0.0.1 wind=# d
        List of relations
 Schema | Name | Type  |  Owner   
--------+------+-------+----------
 public | t00  | table | postgres
(1 row)

postgres@127.0.0.1 wind=# select count(*) from t00;
 count 
-------
  1000
(1 row)

Time: 2.308 ms
postgres@127.0.0.1 wind=# 



---8.删除老版本软件

$ cat delete_old_cluster.sh 
#!/bin/sh

rm -rf '/data/pg941/data'

$ ./delete_old_cluster.sh 

（编辑：李大同）

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