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sqlite 链接

发布时间:2020-12-12 20:11:48 所属栏目:百科 来源:网络整理
导读:#include sqlite3.h#include string#include stdio.husing namespace std;void doTest(){ sqlite3* conn = NULL; //1. 打开数据库 int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",conn); if (result != SQLITE_OK) { sqlite3_close(conn); return; } const char*
#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

void doTest()
{
    sqlite3* conn = NULL;
    //1. 打开数据库
    int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",&conn);
    if (result != SQLITE_OK) {
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    const char* createTableSQL = 
        "CREATE TABLE TESTTABLE (int_col INT,float_col REAL,string_col TEXT)";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt = NULL;
    int len = strlen(createTableSQL);
    //2. 准备创建数据表,如果创建失败,需要用sqlite3_finalize释放sqlite3_stmt对象,以防止内存泄露。
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,createTableSQL,len,&stmt,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //3. 通过sqlite3_step命令执行创建表的语句。对于DDL和DML语句而言,sqlite3_step执行正确的返回值
    //只有SQLITE_DONE,对于SELECT查询而言,如果有数据返回SQLITE_ROW,当到达结果集末尾时则返回
    //SQLITE_DONE。
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //4. 释放创建表语句对象的资源。
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
    printf("Succeed to create test table now.n");

    int insertCount = 10;
    //5. 构建插入数据的sqlite3_stmt对象。
    const char* insertSQL = "INSERT INTO TESTTABLE VALUES(%d,%f,'%s')";
    const char* testString = "this is a test.";
    char sql[1024];
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt2 = NULL;
    for (int i = 0; i < insertCount; ++i) {
        sprintf(sql,insertSQL,i,i * 1.0,testString);
        if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,sql,strlen(sql),&stmt2,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
            if (stmt2)
                sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
            sqlite3_close(conn);
            return;
        }
        if (sqlite3_step(stmt2) != SQLITE_DONE) {
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
            sqlite3_close(conn);
            return;
        }
        printf("Insert Succeed.n");
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
    //6. 为了方便下一次测试运行,我们这里需要删除该函数创建的数据表,否则在下次运行时将无法
    //创建该表,因为它已经存在。
    const char* dropSQL = "DROP TABLE TESTTABLE";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt3 = NULL;
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,dropSQL,strlen(dropSQL),&stmt3,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt3)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt3) == SQLITE_DONE) {
        printf("The test table has been dropped.n");
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);
    sqlite3_close(conn);
}

int main()
{
    doTest();
    return 0;
}
//输出结果如下:
//Succeed to create test table now.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//The test table has been dropped.


http://www.cnblogs.com/stephen-liu74/archive/2012/03/05/2340780.html

#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

void doTest()
{
    sqlite3* conn = NULL;
    //1. 打开数据库
    int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //3. 通过sqlite3_step命令执行创建表的语句。对于DDL和DML语句而言,sqlite3_step执行正确的返回值
    //只有SQLITE_DONE,对于SELECT查询而言,如果有数据返回SQLITE_ROW,当到达结果集末尾时则返回
    //SQLITE_DONE。
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //4. 释放创建表语句对象的资源。
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
    printf("Succeed to create test table now.n");
    //5. 构造查询表数据的sqlite3_stmt对象。
    const char* selectSQL = "SELECT * FROM TESTTABLE WHERE 1 = 0";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt2 = NULL;
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,selectSQL,strlen(selectSQL),NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt2)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //6. 根据select语句的对象,获取结果集中的字段数量。
    int fieldCount = sqlite3_column_count(stmt2);
    printf("The column count is %d.n",fieldCount);
    //7. 遍历结果集中每个字段meta信息,并获取其声明时的类型。    
    for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; ++i) {
        //由于此时Table中并不存在数据,再有就是SQLite中的数据类型本身是动态的,所以在没有数据时
        //无法通过sqlite3_column_type函数获取,此时sqlite3_column_type只会返回SQLITE_NULL,
        //直到有数据时才能返回具体的类型,因此这里使用了sqlite3_column_decltype函数来获取表声
        //明时给出的声明类型。
        string stype = sqlite3_column_decltype(stmt2,i);
        stype = strlwr((char*)stype.c_str());
        //下面的解析规则见该系列的“数据类型-->1. 决定字段亲缘性的规则”部分,其链接如下:
        //http://www.cnblogs.com/stephen-liu74/archive/2012/01/18/2325258.html
        if (stype.find("int") != string::npos) {
            printf("The type of %dth column is INTEGER.n",i);
        } else if (stype.find("char") != string::npos
            || stype.find("text") != string::npos) {
            printf("The type of %dth column is TEXT.n",i);
        } else if (stype.find("real") != string::npos 
            || stype.find("floa") != string::npos 
            || stype.find("doub") != string::npos ) {
            printf("The type of %dth column is DOUBLE.n",i);
        }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
    //8. 为了方便下一次测试运行,我们这里需要删除该函数创建的数据表,否则在下次运行时将无法
    //创建该表,因为它已经存在。
    const char* dropSQL = "DROP TABLE TESTTABLE";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt3 = NULL;
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt3)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt3) == SQLITE_DONE) {
        printf("The test table has been dropped.n");
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);
    sqlite3_close(conn);
}

int main()
{
    doTest();
    return 0;
}
//输出结果为:
//Succeed to create test table now.
//The column count is 3.
//The type of 0th column is INTEGER.
//The type of 1th column is DOUBLE.
//The type of 2th column is TEXT.
//The test table has been dropped.


#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

void doTest()
{
    sqlite3* conn = NULL;
    //1. 打开数据库
    int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //3. 通过sqlite3_step命令执行创建表的语句。对于DDL和DML语句而言,sqlite3_step执行正确的返回值
    //只有SQLITE_DONE,对于SELECT查询而言,如果有数据返回SQLITE_ROW,当到达结果集末尾时则返回
    //SQLITE_DONE。
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //4. 释放创建表语句对象的资源。
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
    printf("Succeed to create test table now.n");

    //5. 显式的开启一个事物。
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt2 = NULL;
    const char* beginSQL = "BEGIN TRANSACTION";
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,beginSQL,strlen(beginSQL),NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt2)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt2) != SQLITE_DONE) {
        sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);

    //6. 构建基于绑定变量的插入数据。
    const char* insertSQL = "INSERT INTO TESTTABLE VALUES(?,?,?)";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt3 = NULL;
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,strlen(insertSQL),NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt3)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    int insertCount = 10;
    const char* strData = "This is a test.";
    //7. 基于已有的SQL语句,迭代的绑定不同的变量数据
    for (int i = 0; i < insertCount; ++i) {
        //在绑定时,最左面的变量索引值是1。
        sqlite3_bind_int(stmt3,1,i);
        sqlite3_bind_double(stmt3,2,i * 1.0);
        sqlite3_bind_text(stmt3,3,strData,strlen(strData),SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
        if (sqlite3_step(stmt3) != SQLITE_DONE) {
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);
            sqlite3_close(conn);
            return;
        }
        //重新初始化该sqlite3_stmt对象绑定的变量。
        sqlite3_reset(stmt3);
        printf("Insert Succeed.n");
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);

    //8. 提交之前的事物。
    const char* commitSQL = "COMMIT";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt4 = NULL;
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,commitSQL,strlen(commitSQL),&stmt4,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt4)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt4);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt4) != SQLITE_DONE) {
        sqlite3_finalize(stmt4);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt4);

    //9. 为了方便下一次测试运行,我们这里需要删除该函数创建的数据表,否则在下次运行时将无法
    //创建该表,因为它已经存在。
    const char* dropSQL = "DROP TABLE TESTTABLE";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt5 = NULL;
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,&stmt5,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt5)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt5);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt5) == SQLITE_DONE) {
        printf("The test table has been dropped.n");
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt5);
    sqlite3_close(conn);
}

int main()
{
    doTest();
    return 0;
}
//输出结果如下:
//Succeed to create test table now.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//Insert Succeed.
//The test table has been dropped.


#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

void doTest()
{
    sqlite3* conn = NULL;
    //1. 打开数据库
    int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //3. 通过sqlite3_step命令执行创建表的语句。对于DDL和DML语句而言,sqlite3_step执行正确的返回值
    //只有SQLITE_DONE,对于SELECT查询而言,如果有数据返回SQLITE_ROW,当到达结果集末尾时则返回
    //SQLITE_DONE。
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != SQLITE_DONE) {
        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    //4. 释放创建表语句对象的资源。
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
    printf("Succeed to create test table now.n");

    //5. 为后面的查询操作插入测试数据。
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt2 = NULL;
    const char* insertSQL = "INSERT INTO TESTTABLE VALUES(20,21.0,'this is a test.')";
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt2)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt2) != SQLITE_DONE) {
        sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    printf("Succeed to insert test data.n");
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt2);

    //6. 执行SELECT语句查询数据。
    const char* selectSQL = "SELECT * FROM TESTTABLE";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt3 = NULL;
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt3)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    int fieldCount = sqlite3_column_count(stmt3);
    do {
        int r = sqlite3_step(stmt3);
        if (r == SQLITE_ROW) {
            for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; ++i) {
                //这里需要先判断当前记录当前字段的类型,再根据返回的类型使用不同的API函数
                //获取实际的数据值。
                int vtype = sqlite3_column_type(stmt3,i);
                if (vtype == SQLITE_INTEGER) {
                    int v = sqlite3_column_int(stmt3,i);
                    printf("The INTEGER value is %d.n",v);
                } else if (vtype == SQLITE_FLOAT) {
                    double v = sqlite3_column_double(stmt3,i);
                    printf("The DOUBLE value is %f.n",v);
                } else if (vtype == SQLITE_TEXT) {
                    const char* v = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(stmt3,i);
                    printf("The TEXT value is %s.n",v);
                } else if (vtype == SQLITE_NULL) {
                    printf("This value is NULL.n");
                }
            }
        } else if (r == SQLITE_DONE) {
            printf("Select Finished.n");
            break;
        } else {
            printf("Failed to SELECT.n");
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);
            sqlite3_close(conn);
            return;
        }
    } while (true);
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt3);

    //7. 为了方便下一次测试运行,我们这里需要删除该函数创建的数据表,否则在下次运行时将无法
    //创建该表,因为它已经存在。
    const char* dropSQL = "DROP TABLE TESTTABLE";
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt4 = NULL;
    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,NULL) != SQLITE_OK) {
        if (stmt4)
            sqlite3_finalize(stmt4);
        sqlite3_close(conn);
        return;
    }
    if (sqlite3_step(stmt4) == SQLITE_DONE) {
        printf("The test table has been dropped.n");
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt4);
    sqlite3_close(conn);
}

int main()
{
    doTest();
    return 0;
}
//输出结果如下:
//Succeed to create test table now.
//Succeed to insert test data.
//The INTEGER value is 20.
//The DOUBLE value is 21.000000.
//The TEXT value is this is a test..
//Select Finished.
//The test table has been dropped.


callback函数

sqlite3* db;

int rc;

char* zErr;

rc = sqlite3_open("test.db,&db);

if(rc) cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;

char * data = "CallBack";

char * sql = "select * from test";

rc = sqlite3_exec( db,callback,data,&zErr );

if( rc != SQLITE_OK) cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;

sqlite3_close(db);


int callback(void* data,int ncols,char**values,char** headers)

{

for( int i=0; i<ncols; i++)

cout << headers[i] <<" --> "<< values[i] <<endl;

}

对sqlite3_exec执行结果中查询到的每条记录应用callback函数

每条记录的相应字段值存放于values数组,表头存放于headers数组,可以完成相应数据处理

sqlite3_get_table查询

char ** result;

int nrows,ncols;

char * zErr;

char * sql = "select * from test;";

int rc = sqlite3_get_table( db,&result,&nrows,&ncols,&zErr );

cout<<"行数: "<< nrows<<endl;

cout<<"列数: "<< ncols<<endl;

for( int i = 0; i <= nrows; i++ )

{

for( int j = 0; j < ncols; j++ )

cout<< result[i*ncols+j] <<"t";

cout<<endl;

}

sqlite3_free_table(result);

sqlite3_get_table 将查询得到的结果全部存入result数组,并可得到行数和列数

注意,第一行是表头


预处理查询

int rc;

sqlite3 *db;

sqlite3_stmt *stmt;

char *sql = "select * from episodes;";

const char *tail;

rc = sqlite3_open("test.db",&db);

rc = sqlite3_prepare(db,(int)strlen(sql),&tail);

rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);

int ncols = sqlite3_column_count(stmt);

while(rc == SQLITE_ROW) //sqlite3_step() has another row ready #define SQLITE_ROW 100

{

for( int i=0; i < ncols; i++ )

cout <<sqlite3_column_text(stmt,i);

cout << endl ;

rc =sqlite3_step(stmt);

}

sqlite3_finalize(stmt);

sqlite3_close(db);


sqlite3_prepare()也能接受一个包括多个SQL语句的字符串,但是只处理第一个SQL

若想处理多个,可应用tail参数,如下

while( sqlite3_complete(sql) )

{

rc = sqlite3_prepare(db,&tail);

sql = tail;

...........

}

取字段信息

sqlite3_stmt * : statement handle

int iConl : 列号

const char *sqlite3_column_name( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //获取字段名称

const char *sqlite3_database_name( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //获取数据库名称

const char *sqlite3_table_name( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //获取表的名称


intsqlite3_column_type( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //SQLite本身的类型,或称存储类

返回值说明

1:SQLITE_INTEGER

2:SQLITE_FLOAT

3:SQLITE_TEXT

4:SQLITE_BLOB

5:SQLITE_NULL


const char *sqlite3_column_decltype( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //字段声明时的类型

如果结果集中的一列不是来自一个实际的字段(如来自于表达式、函数或聚合的结果),这个函数将返回NULL


sqlite3_column_xxx()函数取当前记录中每个字段的值

xxx表示你希望得到的数据类型,包括以下函数:

int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*,intiCol);

double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);

long long int sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);

const void*sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);

const unsigned char*sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);

const void*sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);

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