Oracle之静默安装
服务器采用的是阿里云,具体看下面 [root@aliyun_test var]# cat /etc/system-release CentOS release 6.5 (Final) [root@aliyun_test var]# uname -r 2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64 [root@aliyun_test var]# uname -n aliyun_test 内存: 由于阿里云默认是没有swap的,所以这个需要自己创建,后面会提到如何创建 静默安装前一些必要的操作 #####install java rpm -ivh jdk-7u75-linux-x64.rpm echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_75' >> /etc/profile.d/java.sh echo 'export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile.d/java.sh echo 'export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar' >>/etc/profile.d/java.sh . /etc/profile.d/java.sh ######verify java java -version 一些必须的包 yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 ksh elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel gcc gcc-c++ libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel unzip 然后是一些内核参数调整 ########modify /etc/sysctl.conf echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf /sbin/sysctl -p 然后是软硬文件打开数 ##############modify /etc/security/limits.conf echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" >> /etc/security/limits.conf echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" >> /etc/security/limits.conf echo "oracle soft nofile 1024" >> /etc/security/limits.conf echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >> /etc/security/limits.conf 创建oracle用户 #########create user oracle /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd dba /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle passwd oracle mkdir /u01/app -p chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod 755 /u01/app 创建oracle清单文件 ########create oraInventory echo "inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory" >> /etc/oraInst.loc echo "inst_group=oinstall" >> /etc/oraInst.loc chown -R oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc chmod 755 /etc/oraInst.loc 添加登录认证 ########modify /etc/pam.d/login #add session required pam_limits.so 修改/etc/profile 限制其他用户使用 ############modify /etc/profile # add follows to the end if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi 然后切换oracle用户进行操作 #########for oracle user su - oracle cd /home/oracle file1:wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip file2:wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip vim .bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app export ORACLE_SID=test unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /u01/app unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /u01/app 由于是使用静默文件安装oracle,所以必须创建修改响应文件(具体参数说明请参考官方网站) cp /u01/app/database/response/db_install.rsp /home/oracle chmod 700 /home/oracle/*.rsp ####add to rsp 修改以下值 oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle11g UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=test oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=test oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=redhat SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true 准备工作就绪后,于是进行安装 #######silent install oracle cd /u01/app ./database/runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp 请根据屏幕上的输出信息进行相应的措施(由于是阿里云主机,swap要求没有达到) swap内存做如下操作: 如果交换空间不够:针对阿里云主机或者swap为0的主机 dd if=/dev/zero of=/test bs=1G count=4----》如果这种方法不行,请选择下面 mkswap -f /test swapon /test free -m 设置2G的swap空间 [root@aliyun_test var]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/test bs=1G count=2 dd: memory exhausted [root@aliyun_test var]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/test bs=1024 count=2097152 2097152+0 records in 2097152+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied,38.0205 s,56.5 MB/s [root@aliyun_test var]# du -sh /var/test 2.1G /var/test [root@aliyun_test var]# mkswap -f /var/test Setting up swapspace version 1,size = 2097148 KiB no label,UUID=d3ba4921-7d5e-47ae-810b-44f2369a24c2 [root@aliyun_test var]# swapon /var/test [root@aliyun_test var]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 994 930 63 0 31 809 -/+ buffers/cache: 89 905 Swap: 2047 0 2047 安装到出现如下叫你使用root用户执行以下脚本 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh 于是使用另一会话终端执行 [root@aliyun_test ~]# /u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh Check /u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_aliyun_test_2016-09-20_10-20-22.log for the output of root script 然后回到oracle用户那个终端敲入enter键就安装完成 然后继续修改oracle家目录下的环境文件如下 vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin 下一步就是配置监听服务,具体操作如下 启动监听 ###############modify netca.rsp cp database/response/netca.rsp /home/oracle/ vim /home/oracle/netca.rsp GENERAL] RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2" CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM" INSTALL_TYPE=""custom" "安装的类型("typical―典型","minimal―最小" or "custom―自定义") LISTENER_NUMBER=1 监听器数量 LISTENER_NAMES={"test"} 监听器的名称列表 LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"} 监听器使用的通讯协议列表 LISTENER_START=""test"" 监听器启动的名称 然后运行: netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp [oracle@aliyun_test app]$ netca /silent /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp Parsing command line arguments: Parameter "silent" = true Parameter "responsefile" = /opt/oracle/netca.rsp Done parsing command line arguments. Oracle Net Services Configuration: Configuring Listener:test Listener configuration complete. Oracle Net Listener Startup: Running Listener Control: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start test Listener Control complete. Listener started successfully. Profile configuration complete. Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0 监听配置完,端口就会开启,查看一下 [root@aliyun_test ~]# netstat -tunlp|grep 1521 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1521 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17760/tnslsnr /u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr test(这条命令启动的) 最后创建单实例数据库 静默建立新库 cp database/response/dbca.rsp /home/oracle/ vim /home/oracle/dbca.rsp 然后修改以下: [GENERAL] RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0" //不能更改 OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase" GDBNAME = "orcl.test" //全局数据库的名字=SID+主机域名 SID= "orcl" //对应的实例名字 TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" //建库用的模板文件 SYSPASSWORD = "redhat" //SYS管理员密码 SYSTEMPASSWORD = "redhat" //SYSTEM管理员密码 DATAFILEDESTINATION = /u01/app/oradata //数据文件存放目录 RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/u01/app/flash_recovery_area //恢复数据存放目录 CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8" //字符集,重要!!! 建库后一般不能更改,所以建库前要确定清楚。(CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8" NATIONALCHARACTERSET= "UTF8") TOTALMEMORY = "380" //oracle内存 然后静默建库 dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp 如此之后数据库创建完成,使用sqlplus命令操作,进行登录登录的用户采用的system密码为redhat,上述操作都有记录 至此静默安装oracle完成 (编辑:李大同) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |