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前面我们有讲到Oracle 11G DataGuard的搭建,10G的搭建也是大同小异.不过Oracle 10G不支持Standby open
环境:
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角色
主机名
IP
数据库版本
操作系统版本
Primary
fdb1
192.168.10.8
10.2.0.1
CentOS 5.11 x86_64
Standby
fdb2
192.168.10.9
10.2.0.1
CentOS 5.11 x86_64
在fdb1的/etc/hosts中加入(fdb1)
127.0.0.1fdb1
192.168.10.9fdb2
在fdb2的/etc/hosts中加入(fdb2)
127.0.0.1fdb2
192.168.10.8fdb1
创建必要的目录(fdb1,fdb2)
mkdir-p/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area
mkdir-p/opt/oracle/admin/fengdb/{a,b,c,u}dump
mkdir/opt/oracle/oradata/fengdb-p
mkdir-p/opt/oracle/dbackup
mkdir-p/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/fengdb/archivelog
查看当前的redo组(fdb1)
selectgroup#,memberfromv$logfile;
//增加standby日志组
alterdatabaseaddstandbylogfile('/opt/oracle/oradata/fengdb/standby04.log')size50m;
alterdatabaseaddstandbylogfile('/opt/oracle/oradata/fengdb/standby05.log')size50m;
alterdatabaseaddstandbylogfile('/opt/oracle/oradata/fengdb/standby06.log')size50m;
alterdatabaseaddstandbylogfile('/opt/oracle/oradata/fengdb/standby07.log')size50m;
创建原始参数文件用于备份(fdb1)
createpfile='/tmp/fengdb.pfile.ori'fromspfile;
修改相关参数用于DataGuard环境，注意此处与Oracle 11G不同(fdb1)
altersystemsetdb_unique_name=fdb1scope=spfile;
altersystemsetlog_archive_config='dg_config=(fdb1,fdb2)'scope=spfile;
altersystemsetlog_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/fengdb/archivelogvalid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles)db_unique_name=fdb1'scope=spfile;
altersystemsetlog_archive_dest_2='service=fdb2asyncvalid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)db_unique_name=fdb2'scope=spfile;
altersystemsetlog_archive_dest=''scope=spfile;
altersystemsetlog_archive_dest_state_1=enablescope=spfile;
altersystemsetlog_archive_dest_state_2=enablescope=spfile;
altersystemsetstandby_file_management=autoscope=spfile;
altersystemsetfal_server=fdb2scope=spfile;
altersystemsetfal_client=fdb1scope=spfile;
altersystemsetdb_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area','/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area'scope=spfile;
altersystemsetlog_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area','/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area'scope=spfile;
注意：与Oracle 11G不同的地方有:
alter system set log_archive_dest='' scope=spfile;
否则可能出现ORA-16019: cannot use LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 with LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST or LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST
以及上面都是直接修改spfile的，不修改当前运行中的参数
scope=spfile
执行上面的语句其实就是改了下面的一些参数
*.db_unique_name='fdb1'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(fdb1,fdb2)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/fengdb/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=fdb1'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=fdb2 async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=fdb2'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.fal_client='fdb1'
*.fal_server='fdb2'
*.db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area','/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area','/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.log_archive_dest=''
重启数据库以使数据库生效(fdb1)
shutdownimmediate
startup
修改监听(fdb1)
vim $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
fdb1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=fdb1)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SERVER=DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME=fdb1)
)
)
fdb2=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=fdb2)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SERVER=DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME=fdb2)
)
)
RMAN备份(fdb1)
rmantarget/
run{
allocatechannelc1typedisk;
backupformat'/opt/oracle/dbackup/fengdb_%T_%s_%p'database;
sql'altersystemarchivelogcurrent';
backupformat'/opt/oracle/dbackup/archive_log_%T_%s_%p'archivelogall;
backupspfileformat'/opt/oracle/dbackup/spfile_%u_%T.bak';
releasechannelc1;
}
copycurrentcontrolfileforstandbyto'/opt/oracle/dbackup/standby.ctl';
将备份及监听文件和密码文件全部复制到fdb2上（fdb1）
scp -r /opt/oracle/dbackup/* fdb2:/opt/oracle/dbackup
scp -r $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/*fdb2:$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/
scp -r$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/* fdb2:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
在fdb2上执行如下对数据库进行恢复(fdb2)
RMAN> startup nomount;
RMAN> restore spfile to pfile '/tmp/fengdb.pfile' from '/opt/oracle/dbackup/spfile_rmrioont_20161019.bak';
RMAN> shutdown immediate;
然后修改/etc/fengdb.pfile成如下的红色部分
*.db_unique_name='fdb2'
*.fal_client='fdb2'
*.fal_server='fdb1'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(fdb2,fdb1)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/fengdb/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=fdb2'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=fdb1 async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=fdb1'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
备库复制控制文件(fdb2)
cp /opt/oracle/dbackup/standby.ctl /opt/oracle/oradata/fengdb/control01.ctl
cp /opt/oracle/dbackup/standby.ctl /opt/oracle/oradata/fengdb/control02.ctl
cp /opt/oracle/dbackup/standby.ctl /opt/oracle/oradata/fengdb/control03.ctl
启动至mount状态进行数据的恢复
RMAN>startupmount;
RMAN>restoredatabase;
启动备库应用日志
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabaseusingcurrentlogfiledisconnectfromsession;
创建参数文件
SQL>createspfilefrompfile='/tmp/fengdb.pfile';
注意:Oracle 10G与11G的区别:
10G备库只能启动到mount状态，而11G可以启动到open read only.
检查日志是否同步(fdb1,fdb2)
selectsequence#,appliedfromv$archived_log;
也可以试着切换下日志
//切换日志
altersystemswitchlogfile;
selectsequence#,appliedfromv$archived_log;
在主库：(fdb1)
selectdest_name,status,errorfromv$archive_dest;
altersystemsetlog_archive_dest_state_2=enable;
查询角色(fdb1,fdb2)
selectopen_mode,database_rolefromv$database;
如果在备库上
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;
no rows selected
而且监听都是正常的，则有可能就是密码没复制过来
保持主库密码和备库密码一致
复制密码文件(fdb1)
scp$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SIDfdb2:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID
（编辑：李大同）
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