[转自Oracle ACE-崔华]如何用AMDU从不能mount的ASM磁盘组中往外
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原文网址:http://www.dbsnake.com/amdu-extract-asm-files-from-unmount-diskgroup.html Posted:March 4,2012 |Author:Cui Hua|Filed under:Oracle|2Comments ? AMDU是Oracle11g里自带的一个免费的工具，用于分析ASM磁盘组的元数据以及从不能mount的磁盘组中往外抽取数据文件。 “NOTE:553639.1 Placeholder for AMDU binaries and using with ASM10g”明确指出：AMDU也可用于10g，并提供了可用于10g的AMDU的各个操作系统的版本供大家下载。 AMDU的原理是解析file directory，这一点ODU也是一样，只不过ODU做的更彻底一些，即使file directory全部损坏，ODU也可以把数据文件抽取出来，尽最大的可能挽救用户的数据。
我们来看一个用AMDU从不能mount的磁盘组中往外抽取数据文件的实例： 我们现在shutdown Oracle实例和ASM实例： [root@bspdev odu]# su – oracle [oracle@bspdev ~]$ sqlplus ‘/ as sysdba’; SQL*Plus: Release11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Feb 23 10:43:36 2012 Copyright (c) 1982,2009,Oracle.All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database11gEnterpriseEdition Release11.2.0.1.0 – Production With the Partitioning,Automatic Storage Management,OLAP,Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database11gEnterpriseEdition Release11.2.0.1.0 – Production With the Partitioning,Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@bspdev ~]$ su – grid Password: [grid@bspdev ~]$ sqlplus ‘/ as sysasm’; SQL*Plus: Release11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Feb 23 10:45:05 2012 With the Automatic Storage Management option SQL> shutdown immediate ASM diskgroups dismounted ASM instance shutdown SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database11gEnterpriseEdition Release11.2.0.1.0 – Production With the Automatic Storage Management option [grid@bspdev ~]$ crsctl status res NAME=ora.DATA.dg TYPE=ora.diskgroup.type TARGET=OFFLINE STATE=OFFLINE NAME=ora.LISTENER.lsnr TYPE=ora.listener.type TARGET=ONLINE STATE=ONLINE on bspdev NAME=ora.RECO.dg NAME=ora.asm TYPE=ora.asm.type NAME=ora.cssd TYPE=ora.cssd.type NAME=ora.diskmon TYPE=ora.diskmon.type NAME=ora.ora11g.db TYPE=ora.database.type STATE=OFFLINE 在ASM diskgroup不能mount的情况下asmcmd不能使用： [grid@bspdev ~]$ asmcmd Connected to an idle instance. ASMCMD> ls ASMCMD-08102: no connection to ASM; command requires ASM to run
但此时ODU内嵌的asmcmd是可以使用的，所以我们可以轻易的使用ODU内嵌的asmcmd命令来得到所有的datafile的名称： [grid@bspdev ~]$ su – Password: [root@bspdev ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/odu [root@bspdev odu]# ./odu Oracle Data Unloader:Release4.2.1 Copyright (c) 2008,2010,2011 XiongJun. All rights reserved. Web: http://www.oracleodu.com Email: magic007cn@gmail.com loading default config……. byte_order little block_size8192 block_buffers 1024 db_timezone -7 Invalid db timezone:-7 client_timezone 8 Invalid client timezone:8 asmfile_extract_path/odu/asmfile data_pathdata lob_path/odu/data/lob charset_name AL32UTF8 ncharset_name AL16UTF16 output_format text lob_storage infile clob_byte_order big trace_level 1 delimiter | unload_deleted no file_header_offset 0 is_tru64 no record_row_addr no convert_clob_charset yes use_scanned_lobyes trim_scanned_blob yes lob_switch_dir_rows 20000 db_block_checksum yes db_block_checking yes rdba_file_bits 10 compatible 10 load config file ‘config.txt’ successful loading default asm disk file …… grp# dsk# bsize ausize disksize disknamegroupnamepath —- —- —– —— ——– ————— ————— ——————————————– 1040961024K9000 DATA_0000DATA/dev/sda3 1140961024K9000 DATA_0001DATA/dev/sda5 1240961024K9000 DATA_0002DATA/dev/sda6 2040961024K9000 RECO_0000RECO/dev/sda7 2140961024K7288 RECO_0001RECO/dev/sda8 load asm disk file ‘asmdisk.txt’ successful loading default control file …… ts#fnrfn bsizeblocks bf offset filename —- —- —- —– ——– — —— ——————————————– load control file ‘control.txt’ successful loading dictionary data……done loading scanned data……done ODU> asmcmd Entering asmcmd module. ASMCMD> ls Current directory: <root> Disk Group ———————————— DATA RECO ASMCMD> cd +DATA Current directory: +DATA ASMCMD> ls Current directory: +DATA Name —————————————- ASM<DIR> ORA11G<DIR> ASMCMD> cd ORA11G Current directory: +DATA/ORA11G ASMCMD> ls Current directory: +DATA/ORA11G DATAFILE<DIR> CONTROLFILE<DIR> ONLINELOG<DIR> TEMPFILE<DIR> PARAMETERFILE<DIR> spfileora11g.ora=> +DATA.265.747311071 ASMCMD> cd DATAFILE Current directory: +DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE 可以看到，当前的第259号（这个259是ASM的internal file number）文件名称为+DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE /USERS.259.747310451： ASMCMD> ls Current directory: +DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE SYSTEM.256.747310449 SYSAUX.257.747310449 UNDOTBS1.258.747310451 USERS.259.747310451 MYTEST.266.761050749 GAOZCINDEX.267.770299335 GAOZCINDEX1=> +DATA.267.770299335 GAOZCDATA.268.770299347 GAOZCDATA1=> +DATA.268.770299347 现在我们用AMDU把这个文件给抽出来，注意现在这个文件所在的磁盘组DATA还是处于unmount状态。 用AMDU抽取数据文件的语法非常简单，只需要指定磁盘组所在的设备文件名称（可以用*号模糊匹配），以及磁盘组的名称和待抽取的数据文件号（这里的数据文件号是指ASM的internal file number）就可以了： [root@bspdev odu]#/u01/app/oracle/bin/amdu -diskstring ‘/dev/sda*’ -extract ‘DATA.259’ amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34/ 进入上述目录，可以看到抽取出的第259号文件DATA_259.f已经生成： [root@bspdev odu]# cd amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34 [root@bspdev amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34]# ls -lrt total 39744 -rw-r–r–. 1 root root8600 Feb 23 11:21 report.txt -rw-r–r–. 1 root root 40640512 Feb 23 11:21 DATA_259.f 我们现在再用ODU把259号文件提出来，跟AMDU做一个对比： [root@bspdev amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34]# cd .. [root@bspdev odu]# ./odu 0118192112640 N0 +DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE/SYSTEM.256.747310449 1228192119040 N0 +DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE/SYSAUX.257.747310449 233819270400 N0 +DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE/UNDOTBS1.258.747310451 44481924960 N0 +DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE/USERS.259.747310451 load control file ‘oductl.dat’ successful Entering asmcmd module. 注意：ODU的最新版本中extract命令已被copy命令替换了： ASMCMD>extract asmfile +DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE/USERS.259.747310451 to /u01/app/oracle/odu/amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34/user01.dbf starting extract asm file ‘+DATA/ORA11G/DATAFILE/USERS.259.747310451′ to ‘/u01/app/oracle/odu/amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34/user01.dbf’,file size is 40640512 asm file extract completed. ASMCMD> exit Exiting asmcmd module. [root@bspdev odu]# cd amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34 [root@bspdev amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34]# ls -lrt total 79476 -rw-r–r–. 1 root root40640512Feb 23 11:21 DATA_259.f -rw-r–r–. 1 root root40640512Feb 23 11:27 user01.dbf 从结果里可以看到，两者大小一模一样。 从dbv校验的结果来看，两者内容也是一模一样： [oracle@bspdev ~]$ dbv file=/u01/app/oracle/odu/amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34/DATA_259.f blocksize=8192 DBVERIFY: Release11.2.0.1.0 – Production on Thu Feb 23 11:29:50 2012 DBVERIFY – Verification starting : FILE = /u01/app/oracle/odu/amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34/DATA_259.f DBVERIFY – Verification complete Total Pages Examined: 4960 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 4442 Total Pages Failing(Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 33 Total Pages Failing(Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 334 Total Pages Processed (Seg): 0 Total Pages Failing(Seg): 0 Total Pages Empty: 151 Total Pages Marked Corrupt: 0 Total Pages Influx: 0 Total Pages Encrypted: 0 Highest block SCN: 2132237218 (1932.2132237218) [oracle@bspdev ~]$ dbv file=/u01/app/oracle/odu/amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34/user01.dbf blocksize=8192 DBVERIFY: Release11.2.0.1.0 – Production on Thu Feb 23 11:30:11 2012 DBVERIFY – Verification starting : FILE = /u01/app/oracle/odu/amdu_2012_02_23_11_21_34/user01.dbf Highest block SCN: 2132237218 (1932.2132237218) （编辑：李大同） 【声明】本站内容均来自网络，其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点，不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利，请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |