Oracle12C 单实例dataguard配置

Oracle用户环境变量配置：

ORACLE_BASE=/orcl/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export PATH

export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8

主库:

1. 将primary数据库设置为force logging模式

select force_logging from v$database;

alter database force logging;

2. 创建密码文件(如果没有)

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=syspassword entries=30;

3. 将主库至于归档模式

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

alter database archivelog;

alter database open;

4. disabled selinux

cat /etc/selinux/config | grep 'SELINUX'

5. 配置standby redo log

select GROUP#,BYTES/1024/1024 size_M,STATUS,ARCHIVED from v$log; # 查询当前日志组大小

alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standbyrd01.log') size 200M;

alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standbyrd02.log') size 200M;

alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standbyrd03.log') size 200M;

alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standbyrd04.log') size 200M;

alter database drop standby logfile group 4; # 删除

select group#,thread#,sequence#,archived,status from v$standby_log; # 验证

6. 生成控制文件

alter database create standby controlfile as '/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/orcldg01.ctl';

7. 生成初始化参数文件

create pfile from spfile;

vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora（添加以下内容）

*.log_file_name_convert='/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'

*.db_unique_name='orcl1'

*.fal_client='orcl1'

*.fal_server='orcldg'

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl1,orcldg)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl1'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcldg LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'

*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.log_archive_format=%t_%s_%r.arc

create spfile from pfile='initorcl.ora'

8. 修改listener.ora文件

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nginx01)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

)

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

(SID_NAME = orcl)

)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER=/orcl/app/oracle

9. 修改tnsnames.ora文件

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nginx01)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

ORCLDG =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nginx01-dg)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcldg)

)

)

10. shutdown immediate

11. 传输控制文件、初始化参数文件、监听文件、密码文件到备机

cd /orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin

scp listener.ora nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin

scp tnsnames.ora nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin

scp sqlnet.ora nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin

cd /orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl

scp orcldg01.ctl nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/

cd /orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs

scp initorcl.ora nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora

scp orapworcl nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl

12. 在主库上RMAN备份恢复到standby：

1. 主库启动到mount状态，备库启动到nomount状态

2. rman target sys/abcd1234@orcl auxiliary sys/abcd1234@orcldg

3. duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database; # 主备机目录一致使用nofilenamecheck参数

备库：

1. disabled selinux

cat /etc/selinux/config | grep 'SELINUX'

2. 创建目录

mkdir -p /orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/

mkdir -p /orcl/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump

3. 修改主库传过来的初始化参数文件initorcl.ora文件

*.control_files='/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/orcldg01.ctl','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/orcldg02.ctl'

*.log_file_name_convert='/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'

*.db_unique_name='orcldg'

*.fal_client='orcldg'

*.fal_server='orcl1'

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl1,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl1 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl1'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'

*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

*.log_archive_format=%t_%s_%r.arc

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE

4. listener.ora和tnsnames.ora文件不用做任何修改

5. 启动（rman备份恢复完成后）

alter database mount standby database;

alter database open read only;

alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

alter database set standby database to maximize availability;

6. 查询验证

select switchover_status,open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;

select SEQUENCE#,FIRST_TIME,NEXT_TIME,APPLIED from v$archived_log order by 1;

select max(sequence#) from v$log;

7. 关机

alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

shutdown immediate;

（编辑：李大同）

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