1.1?Oracle数据库恢复
?目录
1 安装新的客户端
2 新建异机恢复文件
3 新建数据库实例
4 建立spfile文件
5 建立数据文件夹
6 启动数据库到nomount状态
7 列出备份信息
8 还原controlfile，并mount数据库
9 查找数据文件信息
10 数据文件恢复
11 归档日志恢复
12 联机日志路径修改
13 Recover并打开数据库
14 验证数据库
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1.1.1?安装新的客户端
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在备份服务器上添加hosts信息
10.110.10.74 backup-test
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在客户端添加hosts信息
10.12.69.111 nbu-b
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安装客户端
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1.1.2?新建异机恢复文件
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在备份服务器上建立支持异机恢复要求的文件。
备份服务器建立No.Restrictions空文件
UNIX platform: /usr/openv/netbackup/db/altnames/No.Restrictions
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1.1.3?新建数据库实例
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对于需要恢复的机器，需要新建立一个数据库实例进行数据恢复。
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本次恢复针到的实例为test
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1.1.4?建立spfile文件
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原spfile导出文件为：
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[[email?protected] testtest]# cat inittest1.ora.old
test2.__db_cache_size=7918845952
test1.__db_cache_size=6643777536
test2.__java_pool_size=134217728
test1.__java_pool_size=134217728
test2.__large_pool_size=167772160
test1.__large_pool_size=167772160
test1.__oracle_base=‘/oracle/‘#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
test2.__oracle_base=‘/oracle/‘#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
test2.__pga_aggregate_target=6442450944
test1.__pga_aggregate_target=5637144576
test2.__sga_target=9663676416
test1.__sga_target=10468982784
test2.__shared_io_pool_size=0
test1.__shared_io_pool_size=0
test2.__shared_pool_size=1342177280
test1.__shared_pool_size=3422552064
test2.__streams_pool_size=0
test1.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest=‘/oracle/admin/test/adump‘
*.audit_trail=‘db‘
*.cluster_database=true
*.compatible=‘11.2.0.4.0‘
*.control_files=‘+DATA_DG/test/controlfile/current.256.834077963‘,‘+DATA_DG/test/controlfile/current.275.834330051‘,‘+FLASH_DG/test/controlfile/current.278.834330403‘
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest=‘+DATA_DG‘
*.db_domain=‘‘
*.db_name=‘test‘
*.diagnostic_dest=‘/oracle‘
*.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=testXDB)‘
test1.instance_number=1
test2.instance_number=2
*.lock_sga=FALSE
*.log_archive_dest_1=‘LOCATION=+FLASH_DG‘
*.log_archive_format=‘%t_%s_%r.dbf‘
*.memory_max_target=16106127360
*.memory_target=16106127360
*.open_cursors=500
*.processes=1000
*.remote_listener=‘test-scan:1521‘
*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘exclusive‘
*.session_cached_cursors=100
*.sessions=1105
test2.thread=2
test1.thread=1
*.undo_retention=7200
test1.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘
test2.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS2‘
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由于需要恢复到单机，删除RAC相关信息。 另外由于硬件资源的不同，删除需要恢复的资源配置。
新的配置文件为
[[email?protected] testtest]# cat inittest1.ora
*.__oracle_base=‘/oradata/testtest/‘#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
*.__pga_aggregate_target=5637144576
*.__sga_target=10468982784
*.audit_file_dest=‘/oradata/testtest/adump‘
*.audit_trail=‘db‘
*.compatible=‘11.2.0.4.0‘
*.control_files=‘/oradata/testtest/controlfile/current.256.834077963‘
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest=‘/oradata/testtest/‘
*.db_domain=‘‘
*.db_name=‘test‘
*.diagnostic_dest=‘/oradata/testtest/‘
*.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=testXDB)‘
*.lock_sga=FALSE
*.log_archive_dest_1=‘LOCATION=/oradata/testtest/archive/‘
*.log_archive_format=‘%t_%s_%r.dbf‘
*.open_cursors=500
*.processes=1000
*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘exclusive‘
*.session_cached_cursors=100
*.sessions=1105
*.undo_retention=7200
*.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘
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1.1.5?建立数据文件夹
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根据spfile建立相关文件
[[email?protected] testtest]# ll -a
total 52
drwxrwxrwx ?7 oracle oinstall ?4096 Sep 25 16:26 .
drwxrwxr-x 29 oracle oinstall 12288 Sep 28 10:03 ..
drwxr-xr-x ?2 oracle oinstall ?4096 Sep 28 10:37 adump
drwxr-xr-x ?2 oracle oinstall ?4096 Sep 25 16:02 archive
drwxr-xr-x ?2 oracle oinstall ?4096 Sep 28 10:10 controlfile
drwxrwxr-x ?3 oracle oinstall ?4096 Sep 25 16:20 diag
-rwxrwxrwx ?1 oracle oinstall ??760 Sep 25 16:26 inittest1.ora
-rwxr-xr-x ?1 oracle oinstall ?1578 Sep 25 15:45 inittest1.ora.old
drwxrwxrwx ?2 oracle oinstall ?4096 Sep 25 12:04 testtest
-rwxrwxrwx ?1 oracle oinstall ?6520 Sep 25 14:44 utlpwdmg.sql
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1.1.6?启动数据库到nomount状态
sqlplus /nolog
idle> conn / as sysdba
idle> startup nomount pfile=‘/oradata/testtest/inittest1.ora‘
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idle> startup nomount pfile=‘/oradata/testtest/inittest1.ora‘
ORACLE instance started.
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Total System Global Area ?396726272 bytes
Fixed Size ?????????????????2253504 bytes
Variable Size ????????????318770496 bytes
Database Buffers ??????????67108864 bytes
Redo Buffers ???????????????8593408 bytes
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1.1.7?列出备份信息
在备份服务器上列出相关备份信息
bplist -C test-db01 -s 09/27/2015 ?-t 4 -R -b -l /
。。。。。。。
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1.1.8?还原controlfile，并mount数据库
RMAN还原
RMAN>
RMAN>connect target /
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel ch0 type ‘sbt_tape‘;
3> send ‘NB_ORA_CLIENT=test-db01‘;
4> send ‘nb_ora_serv=nbu-b‘;
5> restore controlfile from ‘/cntrl_3175_1_891580028‘;
6> release channel ch0;
7> }
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using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch0
channel ch0: SID=578 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ch0: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2014102721)
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sent command to channel: ch0
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sent command to channel: ch0
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Starting restore at 2015-09-28 10:10:36
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channel ch0: restoring control file
channel ch0: restore complete,elapsed time: 00:00:15
output file name=/oradata/testtest/controlfile/current.256.834077963
Finished restore at 2015-09-28 10:10:52
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released channel: ch0
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RMAN> alter database mount;
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database mounted
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1.1.9?查找数据文件信息
sqlplus /nolog
idle> conn / as sysdba
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idle> select name from v$datafile;
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NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/system.259.834077963
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/sysaux.260.834077967
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/undotbs1.261.834077971
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/undotbs2.263.834077979
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/users.264.834077981
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/zhos_dataspace.268.889894605
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/zhos_dataspace.272.834956161
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/zhos_dataspace.271.834956199
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/spcred_dataspace.269.834956241
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/zhos_indexspace.273.834317857
+DATA_DG/test/datafile/audit_dataspace.280.846839715
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11 rows selected.
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idle> select member from v$logfile;
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MEMBER
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_1.257.834077963
+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_2.258.834077963
+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_3.265.834080437
+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_4.266.834080437
+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_5.276.834332677
+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_6.277.834332723
+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_7.278.834332751
+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_8.279.834332783
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8 rows selected.
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1.1.10?数据文件恢复
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编辑还原脚本如下：
export ORACLE_SID=test
rman ?<<EOF ?????????
connect target / ????????????????????????????????????
run { ???????????????????????????????????????????????
allocate channel ch0 type ‘SBT_TAPE‘;
allocate channel ch1 type ‘SBT_TAPE‘;
send ‘nb_ora_serv=nbu-b‘;
send ‘nb_ora_client=test-db01‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/system.259.834077963‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/system.259.834077963‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/sysaux.260.834077967‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/sysaux.260.834077967‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/undotbs1.261.834077971‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/undotbs1.261.834077971‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/undotbs2.263.834077979‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/undotbs2.263.834077979‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/users.264.834077981‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/users.264.834077981‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/zhos_dataspace.268.889894605‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/zhos_dataspace.268.889894605‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/zhos_dataspace.272.834956161‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/zhos_dataspace.272.834956161‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/zhos_dataspace.271.834956199‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/zhos_dataspace.271.834956199‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/spcred_dataspace.269.834956241‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/spcred_dataspace.269.834956241‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/zhos_indexspace.273.834317857‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/zhos_indexspace.273.834317857‘;
set newname for datafile ‘+DATA_DG/test/datafile/audit_dataspace.280.846839715‘ to ‘/oradata/testtest/audit_dataspace.280.846839715‘;
restore database;
switch datafile all;
release channel ch0;
release channel ch1;
}
exit
EOF
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运行数据还原
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恢复完成
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1.1.11?归档日志恢复
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idle> select THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,FIRST_TIME,COMPLETION_TIME from v$archived_log where ?COMPLETION_TIME>to_date(‘20150927 20:00:00‘,‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘) and ?COMPLETION_TIME<to_date(‘20150928 6:00:00‘,‘yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss‘) order by SEQUENCE#;
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???THREAD# ?SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME ?????????COMPLETION_TIME
---------- ---------- ------------------- -------------------
?????????1 ?????27587 2015-09-27 19:59:31 2015-09-27 21:01:28
? ? ? ? ?......
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39 rows selected.
RMAN还原归档日志
节点1还原
RMAN> connect target /
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connected to target database: test (DBID=825185095,not open)
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RMAN> run{
set archivelog destination to ‘/oradata/testtest/archive‘;
2> 3> allocate channel ch0 type ‘SBT_TAPE‘;
send ‘NB_ORA_CLIENT=test-db01‘;
send ‘nb_ora_serv=nbu-b‘;
restore archivelog ?sequence between 27587 and 27597 thread 1;
4> 5> 6> 7> release channel ch0;
8> }
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executing command: SET ARCHIVELOG DESTINATION
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......
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released channel: ch0
节点2还原
RMAN> run{ ?????
set archivelog destination to ‘/oradata/testtest/archive‘;
2> 3> allocate channel ch0 type ‘SBT_TAPE‘;
4> send ‘NB_ORA_CLIENT=test-db01‘;
5> send ‘nb_ora_serv=nbu-b‘;
6> restore archivelog ?sequence between 45287 and 45314 thread 2;
7> release channel ch0;
8> }
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executing command: SET ARCHIVELOG DESTINATION
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allocated channel: ch0
channel ch0: SID=673 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ch0: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2014102721)
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sent command to channel: ch0
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sent command to channel: ch0
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Starting restore at 2015-09-28 14:14:04
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channel ch0: starting archived log restore to user-specified destination
......
released channel: ch0
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1.1.12?联机日志路径修改
Sqlplus 修改
idle>
alter database rename file ‘+DATA_DG/test/onlinelog/group_1.257.834077963‘ to‘/oradata/testtest/group_1.257.834077963‘;
......
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1.1.13?Recover并打开数据库
Sqlplus启动数据库
idle> recover database until cancel using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 10315737932005 generated at 09/27/2015 22:03:45 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /oradata/testtest/archive/1_27589_834077959.dbf
ORA-00280: change 10315737932005 for thread 1 is in sequence #27589
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Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
AUTO
ORA-00308: cannot open archived log ‘/oradata/testtest/archive/1_27589_834077959.dbf‘
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
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..............
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ORA-00308: cannot open archived log ‘/oradata/testtest/archive/2_45315_834077959.dbf‘
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
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idle>
idle> alter database open resetlogs;
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Database altered.
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1.1.14?验证数据库
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idle> ?select open_mode from v$database;
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OPEN_MODE
----------------------------------------
READ WRITE
（编辑：李大同）
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