oracle 启动三步骤
oracle 启动三步骤
oracle启动会经过三个过程,分别是 一、nomount 阶段nomount 阶段,可以看到实例已经启动。oracle进程会根据参数文件开创共享内存池。 SQL> startup nomount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes Fixed Size 2213896 bytes Variable Size 956303352 bytes Database Buffers 687865856 bytes Redo Buffers 7135232 bytes SQL> 可以看到共享内存已经开辟 [[email?protected] dbs]# ipcs -m ------ Shared Memory Segments -------- key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status 0x00000000 98304 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 131073 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 163842 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 196611 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 229380 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 262149 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 294918 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 327687 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 360456 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x33554094 1048585 oracle 660 4096 0 0x00000000 425994 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 458763 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 491532 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 524301 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 557070 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 688143 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 0x00000000 720912 oracle 600 393216 2 dest 进程已经开启 oracle 2965 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_test oracle 2967 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_test oracle 2971 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_test oracle 2973 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_test oracle 2975 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_test oracle 2977 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_test oracle 2979 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_test oracle 2981 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:01 ora_mman_test oracle 2983 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_test oracle 2985 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_test oracle 2987 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_test oracle 2989 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_test oracle 2991 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_test oracle 2993 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_test oracle 2995 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_test oracle 2997 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_test oracle 2999 1 0 04:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_test 查看参数配置文件位置 SQL> show parameter spfile NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------ spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4 /db_1/dbs/spfiletest.ora SQL> 移除配置文件后 SQL> startup nomount; ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters LRM-00109: could not open parameter file ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db_1/dbs/inittest.ora‘ SQL> 二、mount 阶段
startup mount
SQL> startup mount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes Fixed Size 2213896 bytes Variable Size 956303352 bytes Database Buffers 687865856 bytes Redo Buffers 7135232 bytes Database mounted. SQL> 查看控制文件位置 SQL> show parameter control NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------ control_file_record_keep_time integer 7 control_files string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/c ontrol01.ctl,/u01/app/oracle/ flash_recovery_area/test/contr ol02.ctl control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING SQL> 将配置文件移除,然后在启动一次。 SQL> startup mount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes Fixed Size 2213896 bytes Variable Size 956303352 bytes Database Buffers 687865856 bytes Redo Buffers 7135232 bytes ORA-00205: error in identifying control file,check alert log for more info SQL> 三、open阶段
SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> 查看日志文件和日志文件的位置 SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files; FILE_NAME ------------------------------------------------ /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf SQL> SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile; GROUP# MEMBER ------------------------------------- 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log 移动一个数据文件后启动,报错如下 SQL> startup; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes Fixed Size 2213896 bytes Variable Size 956303352 bytes Database Buffers 687865856 bytes Redo Buffers 7135232 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 4: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf‘ SQL> 如果我随便复制一个文件进去可不可以呢?启动如下: SQL> alter database open; alter database open * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01122: database file 4 failed verification check ORA-01110: data file 4: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf‘ ORA-01210: data file header is media corrupt 总结我们可以使用 总的来说,没有参数文件,实例无法创建,数据库无法 (编辑:李大同) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |